Consider again the alleged absence of transitional intermediate fossils connecting the Cambrian animals to simpler Precambrian forms. Meyer argues that Darwinian scientists have no explanation for this; indeed, just as Darwin once did, they've tried to dismiss this challenge by falling back on the convenient hypothesis that the fossil record was poorly preserved and/or had been insufficiently sampled. Meyer:The italics are original. So Meyer (or maybe Casey Luskin, Meyer's research assistant on the book), mashed up quotations separated by 15 pages in the original to create a statement that the original author did not make. I'm not sure that ellipses zooming past 15 pages is a new land speed record, but it has to be well out in the tail of the distribution. This sounds like a case for John Pieret and the Quote Mine Project.Developmental biologist Eric Davidson, of California Institute of Technology, has suggested that the transitional forms leading to the Cambrian animals were "microscopic forms similar to modern marine larvae" and were thus too small to have been reliably fossilized. Other evolutionary scientists, such as Gregory Wray, Jeffrey Levinton, and Leo Shapiro, have suggested that the ancestors of the Cambrian animals were not preserved, because they lacked hard parts such as shells and exoskeletons. They argue that since soft-bodied animals are difficult to fossilize, we shouldn't expect to find the remains of the supposedly soft-bodied ancestors of the Cambrian fauna in the Precambrian fossil records. University of California, Berkeley, paleontologist Charles R. Marshall summarizes these explanations . . .Meyer then quotes Marshall:It is important to remember that we see the Cambrian "explosion" through the windows permitted by the fossil and geological records. So when talking about the Cambrian "explosion," we are typically referring to the appearance of large-body (can be seen by the naked eye) and preservable (and therefore largely skeletonized) forms. . . . If the stem lineages were both small and unskeletonized, then we would not expect to see them in the fossil record.I went to Marshall's paper and discovered that this passage had been lifted out of context, with the final statement -- the part after Meyer's ellipsis -- tacked on from 15 pages later in the article, a section in which Marshall was commenting on a detailed diagram outlining the various factors scientists deem relevant to understanding the entire Cambrian explosion. The implication of the cut-and-paste quote in Meyer's account is that a leading paleontologist is, like his colleagues, trying to explain away a significant challenge to evolution: the lack of intermediate forms in the Precambrian period. But in fact, Marshall was not doing that. Here are the key missing words from Marshall's passage that would have appeared immediately before Meyer's ellipsis:Finally, I place the word "explosion" in quotation marks because, while the Cambrian radiation occurred quickly compared with the time between the Cambrian and the present, it still extended over some 20 million years of the earliest Cambrian, or longer if you add in the last 30 million years of the Ediacaran and the entire 55 million year duration of the Cambrian.
Stephen Meyer: workin' in the quote mines
Stephen Meyer's new book, "Darwin's Doubt: The Explosive Origin of Animal Life and the Case for Intelligent Design," has received highly critical reviews from several working scientists. Don Prothero panned the book for (among other things) its misrepresentations of paleontology, and Nick Matzke showed Meyer's ignorance of (among other things) phylogenetic methods (see also here). Now John Farrell has critically reviewed the book in National Review (behind a $0.25 paywall). Farrell's review criticizes Meyer's book on several grounds, but the part of immediate interest here is Meyer's quote mining of a genuine scientist. I'll quote from the review at some length below the fold.
In his review Farrell writes:
86 Comments
DavidK · 19 August 2013
It's the magical creationist ellipsis gambit again, often appearing in the dishonesty institute's fellows, et. al works in place of the actual words. But to the creationist reader, it's unimportant and the criticism is easily dismissed as it's okay when these creationists engage in such "slight-of-text" trickery, for this, as we all know, is their MO/SOP. But care must be taken, as sometimes they omit the tell tale ellipsis as in the quote of Darwin regarding all sides should be heard.
https://me.yahoo.com/a/JxVN0eQFqtmgoY7wC1cZM44ET_iAanxHQmLgYgX_Zhn8#57cad · 19 August 2013
Well, that, and they forgot (yeah) to give us any kind of specific cause for any specific effect, something that could yield a genuine, honest prediction.
Think of it, they're dealing with a 150 year-old problem yet again, with nothing but poof and an utter failure to explain the relatedness of the extant phyla that rose to prominence in the Cambrian. Scientifically, it just reinforces the conclusion that ID is worse than nothing, something that just sucks in meaning and spits out meaningless drivel.
Glen Davidson
fnxtr · 19 August 2013
"Lord! I am *so* tired [of this]! How *long* can this go on?"
Tenncrain · 20 August 2013
Somewhat surprisingly, the National Review has at times supported evolution. This is despite NR being a conservative publication and even though William F Buckley Jr was an anti-evolutionist (although he rejected YECism). NR's John Derbyshire wrote this article just before the 2005 Kitzmiller v. Dover School Board court case got underway.
Uncommon Descent has responded to John Farrell's criticism of Darwin’s Doubt, albeit in an indirect way.
SensuousCurmudgeon · 20 August 2013
Anyone can "prove" anything if he's willing to behave dishonorably. To demonstrate the method, consider this scriptural guide to a holy life -- the first part is from Genesis 19:36, and the part after the ellipsis is from Exodus 22:30
Thus were both the daughters of Lot with child by their father. … Likewise shalt thou do with thine oxen, and with thy sheep.
eric · 20 August 2013
Kevin B · 20 August 2013
John Pieret · 20 August 2013
Ellipses!!! Covering a 15 page gap without any indication that it even came from a different paragraph! Enough to get you a "fail" on any college paper!
It is indeed fodder for the Quote Mine Project (if I can ever get someone to do the html work again). Anyway, it will go on my blog.
For your information, however, a 15 page ellipsis if far from the record. We once had a 104 page ellipsis:
http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/quotes/mine/part1-3.html#quote44
John Pieret · 20 August 2013
Helena Constantine · 20 August 2013
Just Bob · 20 August 2013
My favorite quotemine (and it doesn't even involve mangling with ellipses):
The EXACT PHRASE "There is no god" appears TWELVE times in the KJV.
In the NIV, a favorite of many fundies as an 'improved' translation, "There is no god" appears FIFTEEN times.
There is no god. The Bible says it, I believe it, that settles it.
Just Bob · 20 August 2013
Paul Burnett · 20 August 2013
Henry J · 20 August 2013
Suggested theme song: I've been working in the quote mines, all the live long day, I've been working in the quote mines, just to pass the time away...
FL · 20 August 2013
W. H. Heydt · 20 August 2013
Henry J · 20 August 2013
Yeah, I guess it is hard to ignore a large number of people having been fooled by professional con artists. Especially if the size of that group is growing.
(or should that say less than professional?)
eric · 20 August 2013
https://www.google.com/accounts/o8/id?id=AItOawnKupVGX70N9ZsvLu8iScIzWpyVj8bds_Q · 20 August 2013
So an interview by someone with a Masters of Divinity from Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary and a Masters of Theology from Emory University’s Candler School of Theology is supposed to tell us what - that ID has nothing to do with religion...
gnome de net · 20 August 2013
cwjolley · 20 August 2013
SensuousCurmudgeon · 20 August 2013
Karen S. · 20 August 2013
harold · 20 August 2013
Henry J · 20 August 2013
Maybe he was measuring the amount of noise coming from the people who push Creationism?
Richard B. Hoppe · 20 August 2013
It's amusing that FL refers us to an interviewer whose first sentence is false. Origin of life?
Keelyn · 20 August 2013
Keelyn · 20 August 2013
A lot people around here work in coal mines. That is almost as dirty.
Just Bob · 20 August 2013
Somehow the second line of the song seems appropriate without alteration:
Workin' in a
coalquote mineGoin' down down down
nasty.brutish.tall · 20 August 2013
The quote mining is actually more egregious than the review makes it sound. The sentence after the ellipsis, which gives the impression Marshall is quickly handwaving away the fossil record, is not even in the main text; it is from a footnote to a table. Not only does Marshall not handwave away the fossil record, he spends approximately two full pages of text discussing it, the quality of it, what is found in it, and the significance of those findings.
https://me.yahoo.com/a/JxVN0eQFqtmgoY7wC1cZM44ET_iAanxHQmLgYgX_Zhn8#57cad · 20 August 2013
Richard B. Hoppe · 20 August 2013
Robert Byers · 20 August 2013
All these critics are well known evolutionist fighters! Not the same thing as ordinary researchers.
Defining the book by this minor thing makes the point the book is okay.
i like the admittance of the WINDOW PERMITTING to the past is by fossils/geology.
Both evolutionists and Id's are looking through a window unrelated to biological investigation.
Its all fossils in strata and there ain't no more. Without the geology there is no biological evolution conclusions.
So there is no biological investigation based on biology. Just data points and connect away.
Richard B. Hoppe · 20 August 2013
That's Byers' one and only for this thread.
Tenncrain · 21 August 2013
TomS · 21 August 2013
Karen S. · 21 August 2013
Chris Lawson · 21 August 2013
Exodus 20:9 "Thou shalt...bear false witness."
Karen S. · 21 August 2013
hrafn · 21 August 2013
Kevin B · 21 August 2013
diogeneslamp0 · 21 August 2013
W. H. Heydt · 21 August 2013
Helena Constantine · 21 August 2013
Richard B. Hoppe · 21 August 2013
harold · 21 August 2013
Karen S. · 22 August 2013
Doc Bill · 22 August 2013
diogeneslamp0 · 22 August 2013
Helluva catch, Doc Bill.
diogeneslamp0 · 22 August 2013
FL,
When you approvingly quoted the Religion News Service article about Intelligent Design, why did you edit out the part about "Biblical fidelity"?
It's all about the science, eh.
apokryltaros · 22 August 2013
Helena Constantine · 22 August 2013
jon.r.fleming · 23 August 2013
Doc Bill · 23 August 2013
DS · 23 August 2013
John Harshman · 23 August 2013
I'm curious. Can anyone find a source in which Meyer reveals what he thinks happened in the history of life? Is he for fiat creation or genotype-tweaking? In either case, how many times, and when? Etc. Does Darwin's Doubt (which I have not yet been able to lay my hands on) say anything along that line?
Just Bob · 23 August 2013
harold · 23 August 2013
TomS · 24 August 2013
Roy · 24 August 2013
bayilil veren · 24 August 2013
More interesting is this:It seems to be that he doesn’t challenge the idea that there is common descent by natural means among the vertebrates over the last few hundred million years.
harold · 24 August 2013
Doc Bill · 24 August 2013
John West Fails!
After extolling his minions to "vote down" the negative comments on the Amazon dot Com book thread the results have been exactly: ZERO. Nothing. Zip. Nada.
That indicates that Evo Whine and Snooze gets even less hits than we imagined, and those hits are probably from evolutionists, the mighty Darwinian Lobby, scoping them out.
Fail, West. Again. Loser.
Helena Constantine · 24 August 2013
SensuousCurmudgeon · 25 August 2013
TomS · 25 August 2013
harold · 25 August 2013
Rhazes · 25 August 2013
Speaking of quote mines, did anyone else spot or notice the gross quote mine in David Berlinski's latest defense of Darwin's Doubt? This should definitely go in the Quote Mine Project. In his feeble attempt to criticize Matzke's devastating review, he quotes Susumo Ohno on whether new proteins or protein families were required in the Cambrian radiation. This is what he shows his audience:
"... [I]t is more likely that all the animals involved in the Cambrian explosion were endowed with nearly the identical genome, with enormous morphological diversities displayed by multitudes of animal phyla being due to differential usages of the identical set of genes."
The original quote from Ohno's paper:
"Inasmuch as only a 1% DNA base sequence change is expected in 10 million years under the standard spontaneous mutation rate, I propose that all those diverse animals of the early Cambrian period, some 550 million years ago, were endowed with nearly identical genomes, with differential usage of the same set of genes accounting for the extreme diversities of body forms."
Not only did he totally omit the important qualification (in bold) that appears in Ohno's original paper with a period, but he totally ignores the fact that Ohno's words are actually in total agreement with what Matzke wanted to say: No new proteins or families of proteins were required for the phenotypic diversity we see in the Cambrian animals. In other words, no new genes (or proteins) were necessary to explain the diversification of animal phyla in the Cambrian. And yet he says to the gullible that "Susumo Ohno came to a different conclusion".
Do these people have any modicum of respect for their audiences' intellect? Do they think that they write for lobotomized baboons who cannot remember what was said in the beginning of the paragraph?
DS · 26 August 2013
harold · 26 August 2013
Rhazes · 26 August 2013
Berlinski's quote actually comes from a different passage in the paper, which had a similar wording to that of the abstract. So, I apologize, he didn't omit anything. But still, Ohno's position in the paper in no way contradicts or invalidates what Matzke had to say. The Cambrian radiation didn't require a new set of proteins or protein families, according to Ohno. Instead, the diversity of body plans or forms arises from the differential expression of the same set of genes. How is it that "Susumo Ohno came to a different conclusion" from that of Matzke's?
This is the passage that Berlinski partially quoted:
"The Cambrian explosion denoting the almost simultaneous emergence of nearly all the extant phyla of the kingdom Animalia within the time span of 6-10 million years can't possibly be explained by mutational divergence of individual gene functions. Rather, it is more likely that all the animals involved in the Cambrian explosion were endowed with nearly the identical genome, with enormous morphological diversities displayed by multitudes of animal phyla being due to differential usages of the identical set of genes. This is the very reason for my proposal of the Cambrian pananimalia genome. This genome must have necessarily been related to those of Ediacarian predecessors, representing the phyla Porifera and Coelenterata, and possibly Annelida. Being related to the genome - possessed by the first set of multicellular organisms to emerge on this earth, it had to be rather modest in size."
The whole passage tells us that Berlinski's musings about Ohno's usage of the word "endowed" are quite deceptive. Ohno DOES say what he means by "the curious and suggestive word endowed". The genome of the Cambrian animals came from their "Ediacarian predecessors". Ohno's answer also counters another point that Berlinski tried to raise: that the 136 protein families unique to animals "must have arisen throughout the Cambrian era". No, they don't have to. They could have easily arisen at any point in the ancestors of the Cambrian phyla (this could extend the time period to at least 80 million years, if not more). The other point is that these protein families don't necessarily have to have uniquely arisen in the animal lineage. Berlinski tells his gullible audience the following:
"These proteins presumably arose after the last common animal ancestor."
That might be a possibility, but it is no way the only one. In fact, the paper that he cites identified three possible reasons why these protein families might be unique to the animal lineage:
"The remainder comes from families that have a spasmodic distribution because of gene loss, gene invention, or just because the sequence-matching procedures are not powerful enough to detect all homologs."
In other words, we might have had more protein families in common with the other eukaryotes, but they could have been lost in the course of evolution, or the other possibility is that our tools aren't powerful enough to detect the homology. (Note that this paper was published in 2003).
Henry J · 26 August 2013
Well of course different anatomies wouldn't necessarily require different proteins. Put a cell type in some part of the body where it wasn't before, or have some part grow more (or less) relative to other parts than it used to, or have some part get absorbed after it grows, or some other change in arrangement or proportions. None of those results would need proteins that weren't already there.
DS · 26 August 2013
harold · 26 August 2013
Rhazes · 26 August 2013
John Harshman · 26 August 2013
I'm assuming that by "differential expression" Ohta was referring to changes in regulatory sequences. That's what would alter expression patterns. Two things are important here: first, changing expression wouldn't take all that many mutations; second, it could happen gradually, with many mutations of small effect, each advantageous in itself, for which an obvious mechanism is increasing specificity and strength of binding at transcription factor binding sites.
Keelyn · 26 August 2013
John Harshman · 26 August 2013
Just got Darwin's Doubt from the library. And I'm quite unable to find any real acknowledgment that anything happened between the end of the Ediacaran and the start of the Atdabanian, which is a period of around 20 million years, and during which quite a bit happens. No wonder Meyer calls the Cambrian explosion quick and mysterious: he cuts a giant slice out of the middle.
It also appears that the small, shelly fauna appears only in one endnote, and that's attached to text that makes it seem as if it's an Ediacaran phenomenon.
Joe Felsenstein · 26 August 2013
Rhazes · 27 August 2013
harold · 27 August 2013
John Harshman · 27 August 2013
I'm not sure I understand the difference between a phylogeneticist and a systematist. But if there's any difference (you could make the argument that one is a subset of the other), I'm probably the former rather than the latter.
Joe Felsenstein · 27 August 2013
John Harshman · 27 August 2013
Rikki_Tikki_Taalik · 27 August 2013
Rhazes · 28 August 2013
Joe,
I sent you the relevant passages from the book.