Freshwater: Dec 3 & 4, 2009, sessions

Posted 5 December 2009 by

The administrative hearing on the termination of John Freshwater as a middle school science teacher in Mt. Vernon, Ohio, resumed on December 3, with truncated sessions both the 3rd and 4th. The sole witness heard on the 3rd was Ellen Button, a middle school science teacher, and the sole witness on the 4th was William White, the middle school principal. I'll put it all below the fold. December 3 The session on the 3rd was shortened by a two-hour wait in the morning for subpoenaed (by Freshwater's attorney) text books to be gathered and transported from the middle school to the hearing room. Elle Button Direct Examination The sole witness was Elle Button, an 8th grade science teacher in the Mt. Vernon middle school, whose daughter Kate, a former student in Freshwater's class, testified earlier in the hearing. Recall that Kate complained to her mother about several aspects of Freshwater's teaching of evolution, and provided her mother with several handouts of questionable content. One handout, for example, implied that humans and dinosaurs lived at the same time (perhaps this one or this one or adaptations of one or the other. The second includes reference to dragons, which was in one of the handouts). To some extent I'll summarize salient parts of Button's testimony rather than provide a Q&A-style account, since Hamilton's questions tend to skip around. Some things I flat missed -- Button was occasionally very soft spoken and was inaudible to the gallery. Pam Schehl has a very good 500-word summary (with a truly awful headline!) in the Mt. Vernon News to which I commend your attention. In part of her testimony, Hamilton questioned Button about various aspects of science, paying attention to controversial topics students raise in class. Button testified that students had questions about fossils and evolution, about the age of the universe and Big Bang theory. Asked how many scientific theories of the formation of the universe there are besides Big Bang theory, Button thought there were more but couldn't name any. Asked if Big Bang theory was controversial, she replied it was not controversial in science. Asked if both evolution and Big Bang were theories, she affirmed it. Asked for a definition of theory, my impression is that she summarized it pretty well, though I didn't get it transcribed because my pen was running dry and I was borrowing a replacement from one of the attorneys. Asked if a scientific theory was absolute truth, she responded that it was not, but was used until being replaced by a better one. Button agreed that kids raise all kinds of questions, and that they don't necessarily agree with what's being taught. Asked about the scientific method, Button outlined the stock sequence: get an idea or ask a question, define a testable hypothesis, design an experiment or study, gather the data, analyze the data, and interpret data. She's headed the local school science fair for years and has that style down pat. Hamilton pushed on the theory/law distinction, operating on the 'laws are higher than theories' notion. Button agreed with Hamilton's statement that "The scientific method is designed to constantly evaluate ideas until they become a law, right?" Asked that a scientific law is, she said it was something known to be true. "Indisputable?" She answered, "yes." Hamilton asked if there is a "scientific law of evolution." She replied not that she knows of. Hamilton asked if she was familiar with the recent finding of soft tissue in dinosaur fossils. She is. Asked further about it, she said it was of great interest and further research was going on. Asked, she said students do bring it up. She testified that most controversial issues are brought up by students. She agreed that teachers can use supplemental materials both from the text published and outside sources to reinforce the teaching of what's required by the standards. Both of Button's daughters, Mary and Kate, had Freshwater for 8th grade science and apparently had different experiences, or at least responded differently to them. Mary, the eldest, made no remarks about Freshwater's teaching to her mother, while Kate questioned a number of content claims made by Freshwater and asked her mother about some of the material Freshwater was teaching. Button attributed that difference to the different personalities of the two. Kate, Button testified, would question teachers when she thought something was amiss. Button testified that Freshwater was the only 8th grade teacher she had questions about. There was a long series of questions about her experience and training with the Tesla coil. She used it solely on inanimate objects, the gas-filled tubes that glow with different colors when the coil ionizes the gases. She has never used it on herself or a student and has never seen it used on a student. If students asked for it to be used on them she would refuse. Asked if it spooked or scared her, she replied, "No, it's crazy." When Ian Watson, the then-president of the Board of Education asked her to zap him with it she declined to do so, citing safety and health questions about that sort of use. She testified that she probably learned to use it from another teacher when she came to the middle school,probably from Jeff George, a now-retired teacher. She was aware that George occasionally touched his own tongue and those of students with the arc from the Tesla coil. (See above: crazy.) Late edit: I should make it clear that Button didn't testify about this from direct knowledge of George touching his or students' tongues; that testimony was based on reports she heard from students, and from other teachers after all the Freshwater hoorah was in progress. She also testified that she found an instruction manual-- a pamphlet--for the Tesla coil in a drawer sometime after the Freshwater affair blew up, and turned it in the the middle school administration. This is the first mention of any such document in the hearing; previous witnesses, including Freshwater, have testified they weren't aware of an instructions for the device. Hamilton asked if she knew of religious items in any middle school classrooms. She identified the posters with scripture in Freshwater's room. She didn't recall seeing religious displays in other teachers' rooms. She testified that at the time she wasn't concerned enough about the religious items in Freshwater's classroom to pull her daughters from it. Hamilton turned to Freshwater's 2003 proposal for the district to adopt the Intelligent Design Network's "Objective Origins Policy." She was at the meeting of the science curriculum committee that rejected it,but didn't recall the discussion in that committee. She also attended at least one board meeting on it. She testified that it appeared to her that it was an effort to inject intelligent design into the curriculum. Shown the actual proposal, and that it didn't include the words "Intelligent design," she said that she still felt it was an effort to smuggle (my word) it in. Hamilton has pushed this idea that there's no explicit mention of intelligent design or creationism in Freshwater's materials a couple of times in his questioning over the course of the hearing. My favorite analogy here is that you can take the label off a jar of pickles but it's still a jar of pickles. (Parenthetically, a good deal of Hamilton's questioning rests on, or presupposes, a sort of deification of text in which the words used to describe something are themselves the defining characteristic of the thing, rather than the substance of the thing itself being relevant. It's consistent with the emphasis on the physical book--even the bibliolatry--evinced by those who are hyper-concerned about being able to have and display their Bibles in the workplace. Some of Freshwater's remarks in the hearing about the Bible being his "inspiration" have that flavor. From all appearances and given the context, he is referring to the presence of the actual physical Bible, not its content or meaning. I've almost had the impression that it's a sort of rabbit foot for him!) Button testified that she was aware that the state finally removed the 'critical analysis of evolution' language from the state standards in 2006. Hamilton spent some time on the relative Ohio Achievement Test scores of Freshwater and Button and their class composition. Andrew Thompson, another middle school teacher, had earlier testified that he had done an analysis of class composition that showed that Freshwater had more students on Individual Educational Plans (at risk students) than other middle school science teachers, but nevertheless his students scored highest on the life sciences portion of the OAT. Throughout the hearing Hamilton has been arguing that those test scores imply that Freshwater is a superior science teacher. It has not (yet) been made clear in testimony that the differences in test score means tells us nothing about Freshwater's teaching, since (a) the test is over material from grades 6-8, not just Freshwater's class; (b) we don't have good information on the method of assigning students or any subject matching data across classes; and (c) we have no information on the variability of test scores by means of which to evaluate the differences statistically. Under those circumstances the mean differences are uninterpretable and Mr. Thompson therefore flunks elementary research design. We then spent a couple of hours with three of the text books used in 8th grade science for the last five or so years. We learned that she doesn't teach the astronomy text's section on the beginning and end of the universe, because it's not in the standards. Asked how she responds when students ask about it, she replied that it's a hypothetical question -- she doesn't recall it arising. She testifed that kids ask about the age of the universe, though. Asked, she said the solar system is ~4,5 billion years old but doesn't recall how old the universe is--"Forever? I don't know." Moving to the "Cells, Heredity, and Classification" (life sciences) text, she was asked about the language in a section on geological eras about the chemical origin of life. That's not in her standards,and she didn't recall students asking about it. Asked if kids ask, "Hey, the Bible says the earth was created by God," she said that while students don't typically ask in that particular form, she responds to questions in that area by saying (paraphrased) that 'this is science and what you need to learn in this class.' Raising the Ptolemaic to Copernican shift in theories of the structure of the solar system, Hamilton asked if it is possible that sometimes theories are wrong. She agreed. Hamilton asked if Freshwater could answer students' questions that challenge carbon dating or radiometric dating. She replied yes. Hamilton asked if she was aware of the formation of coal in the Mt. St. Helen's eruption. She was not. Hamilton noted that in the investigators' report she had said she didn't teach evolution in 2007-8 and asked why she hadn't. She replied she had time just to get to some natural selection and change over time, but didn't have time to cover it in the depth she normally does. We spent some time on a poster that had apparently been in former Director of Curriculum Lynda Weston's office that had a cartoon picture of a dinosaur with a speech balloon saying "I went extinct because I wouldn't read." We slogged through a series of questions about whether 8th graders would take that literally, whether Weston meant it to be taken literally, and whether one would need to ask Weston in order to figure out what it meant. This was in aid of Hamilton's effort to establish that a symbolic display is uninterpretable without context, and the best way to ascertain that context is to ask the person who created the display. Hence, Hamilton implied. the only way to figure out what Freshwater was doing with the creationist handouts was to ask him, and no one did. This whole series was a muddy mess. Button finally testified that one could take the display/poster as it is, an exhortation to read. Referring to the dinosaurs and dragons handout Kate Button had given that her mother from Freshwater's class, Hamilton asked why she hadn't talked to Freshwater about it. She replied that when ­she tried to have a similar discussion in 2003 when he was offering his "Objective Origins" curriculum proposal, "He shut me down." She was asked when the dinosaurs went extinct, and answered 65 million years ago. Asked when humans first appeared, she didn't know,but thought it was "a long time ago." We then spent some time on the question of whether Kate was misinterpreting or misperceiving Freshwater's intention in introducing the problematic material, and he was actually trying to show what bad science is. Button conceded that it was possible, but given the consistency of what Kate said with what she heard from other students of Freshwater she was quite confident of Kate's interpretation. Hamilton offered a new tack when he asked Button if perhaps Freshwater was just trying out materials for the new academic standards when he used the questionable handouts. Button conceded that was possible. Button Cross Examination In cross examination David Millstone, the Board's attorney, asked if it was likely that Kate misunderstood Freshwater when she questioned his teaching. Button replied that it was not likely, given both Kate's intelligence and the consistency of what she said with what Button heard from other students. Button testified that over the years Freshwater occasionally shared his handouts and materials with her, either directly or sometimes via Kate when she was in Freshwater's class, that had a religious leanings or implications. She was concerned that Freshwater was using classroom materials that combined religious ideas with the science, or that replaced scientific concepts with religious notions. She testified that it happened often enough when Kate was in his class to cause Kate to be confused and frustrated. Millstone displayed a copy of the text book that Button had found in a cabinet at the middle school. She had been on the textbook adoption committee several years ago, and that committee had given sample copies of the texts to the teachers. Freshwater had returned his with comments on a number of pages, and it was that copy Button found in the cabinet when she was looking for copies of the texts to bring to the hearing. Millstone asked if Freshwater had expressed concerns about the science texts that were adopted (a Holt series). He said that he did. Asked by Millstone do identify particular concerns, she paged through the Cells, Heredity, and Classification text, identifying half a dozen pages where comments in the marked up text expressed concerns. Specific examples mentioned included whale evolution and an embryo passage. (Haeckel was not mentioned and I couldn't see the page from my seat.) Asked whether Freshwater had ever objected to texts based on his religious beliefs, she said that he had. Button redirect examination On redirect Hamilton had Button specify the page numbers where Freshwater had made marks or comments in the text. She identified (a) a passage in the section on fossils; (b) a passage on vestigial pelvic and leg bones in whales that could lead to the interpretation that humans were related; (c) an illustration that showed similarities among embryos; (d) an illustration of the basic idea of speciation by geographic separation; and (e) something about peppered moths, where he objected to "how it was proven" and "how it was photographed," that the photograph was staged and the moths were dead, and it was therefore faked -- "it really didn't happen that way," she quoted him as saying. She testified that she explained to him that the photo was an illustration. (I'll note that this is straight out of Wells, and Freshwater depended almost solely on Wells in his 2003 proposal.) Asked how specifically Freshwater objected based on his religious beliefs, she could not recall, but said it was in his room or hers. Button recross In recross Button testified that Freshwater did indeed give the marked text back to her. Millstone walked her through a number of exhibits that were invisible to the gallery and that were mostly not identified in testimony. I think they were copies of sections from the text, but that's all I know. Button's testimony with respect to them was to answer whether Freshwater had raised them specifically with her. Some he had, some he had not. Two that he had raised with her concerned comparative anatomy and skulls. That's all I could get from the testimony. Finally, asked if she had evidence that Freshwater taught that material in his classroom, she said just what students, including her daughter, had told her. That ended Button's testimony. Three things stood out in Button's testimony: (a) the finding of the Tesla coil instruction book, (b her testimony that Freshwater objected to a text on religious grounds, and (c) and introduction of the textbook in which Freshwater had marked his objections. The first refutes earlier testimony that the instructions were not available to teachers. And I'd dearly love to sees that textbook. There's a bit more about the instruction book in White's testimony below. December 4 December 4 was a very brief session, just over an hour. I don' t know why -- there was some speculation in the gallery about Hamilton not having his other witnesses ready, but that's not been confirmed. The sole witness was Bill White, the middle school principal. He had previously testified in the Board's case. (My Google-fu is failing me and I can't find my post on that testimony. That may be one of the days I had to miss.) David Millstone, the Board's attorney, objected to the recall of White since he had testified in direct examination in the Board's case, and Hamilton had done cross-examination then. The referee over-ruled the objection with the stipulation that White testify only about matter that have arisen since his earlier testimony. Over the course of Hamilton's direct examination Millstone objected whenever Hamilton seemed to be straying from that stipulation. Some objections were sustained, some were over-ruled. White direct examination Hamilton first questioned White about the note that Elle Button had sent him accompanying the instructions to the Tesla coil. He did not recall receiving the instructions from Button. After some palaver, Millstone described how the note was found last night (Dec 3) when a search was instituted on the basis of Elle Button's December 3 testimony that she had found it and given it to the administration. It was found in a file, paper-clipped to the back of an unrelated document, and thus hadn't been noticed before. Permitted to read it, Hamilton asked White if it said anything about not touching people with the Tesla coil. It does not. (Recall that those Tesla coils have been at the school for decades, and may predate OSHA.) Moving on, Hamilton questioned White about the sequence of events regarding Lori Miller. White testified that she has a Bible on her desk, and has a right to have it there. He testified that any teacher could keep a Bible on their desk if it is only for personal use without students present, and if it's not used as part of a religious display or for use in instruction. Hamilton quoted from a memo from Bill Oxenford, head ot the middle school science department, to Miller which said "devotional materials must be out of sight." (Miller had previously had a stack of Christian devotional material on her desk.) White wasn't sure what those materials consisted of. Hamilton noted that the memo was sent to Miller just four days after she testified in the hearing that she had religious materials on her desk, and asked why the note was sent to Miller. White testified that it was sent based on a walk-through of the building he had conducted the week before. He said the memo was sent to Miller to clarify what is and is not permitted by way of religious materials in classrooms as a followup to a discussion between Miller, White, and assistant Principal Ritchie (concerning the walk-through? That wasn't clear). Hamilton asked if White had ever had a similar meeting with Freshwater, and White replied that he had. He testified that middle school staff had never been told that they couldn't have a Bible on their desk. Pressed by Hamilton, White testified that the memo to Miller was not stimulated by her testimony in this hearing, and that he had not been instructed by Superintendent Short or the Board of Education to have it sent. Hamilton asked White what the definition of "display" is. Millstone objected on the ground that the topic of "display" had been covered in White's earlier cross examination. That objection was sustained. We were then treated to an analysis of a poster created by a child that was displayed in Superintendent Short's office. It had "World's Greatest Dad" on it, and at the bottom a Bible verse, Romans 12:6, identified as such. Hamilton asked if the poster was in color. White couldn't tell -- he's red-green color blind. He was asked if it constituted a "display." White responded that he supposed any art work that's in an office could be a display. Asked, he conceded that having a Bible verse on it, the drawing could be a religious display. Hamilton asked if it was in the Superintendent's office in July 2008, was it appropriate after Freshwater had been chastised for an alleged religious display? White responded, No. Hamilton asked if it's possible the poster/drawing is not a religious display? White replied it was possible, he didn't know. Hamilton asked what the best way to find out whether it's a religious display. White replied to ask them if it's a religious display. Hamilton asked what would make a Bible devotional. White responded, "How you use it." Hamilton asked if a person had several Bibles could it be for comparative evaluation and not for devotional purposes. White's answer was inaudible. Asked if a teacher could have more than on Bible on their desk, White responded that he would have to request clarification from the superintendent in that case. Hamilton asked if he knew that the teacher union was reluctant to act on Miller's behalf. He did not. Hamilton then turned to the notes written by Deb Strouse, the classroom monitor who had been assigned to Freshwater's classroom. He asked how often they were turned in. He replied at least weekly. As Hamilton began to pursue the topic of the notes, Millstone objected, there was some explanation by Hamilton, and the referee finally over-ruled the objection. Then Hamilton and Freshwater had a brief conference outside the hearing room and when they returned Hamilton dropped that whole line of questioning. Finally, there were several confusing questions about whether and under what circumstances permission slips would be required for field trips. Net of the answers: It depends. I have no idea where that line of questions was going. White cross examination Millstone asked White If he had directed or authorized Freshwater to destroy the Tesla coil. He had not. That ended White's testimony and the day's abbreviated session. We resume next week, with five days still scheduled for December, three of them next week. I'll add a couple of additional notes. Before the session this morning near the hearing room in the County Commissioners domain I ran into an attorney friend who has often served as an acting judge. He remarked that it appeared the referee long ago lost control of the hearing. I agreed. Second, last week I and my colleagues in the biology department at Kenyon received what was apparently a mass mailing from an Islamic proselytizing organization in Egypt (I provide a link, but be advised that McAfee Site Adviser has a caution about downloads from the site). It was a flier and a pamphlet extolling the virtues of Shi'ite Islam. I took it along and showed it to several of the evangelical pastors who have been regular members of the gallery. Even when I suggested it would be useful to be acquainted with the competition I couldn't rouse much interest. (Hey c'mon, I gotta have a little fun!) Finally, I made a late edit of the title of this post to add the year. I'd forgotten (repressed?) the fact that this hearing has been going on for 14 months now, covering two Decembers. Argh!

72 Comments

James T · 6 December 2009

In your personal opinion, how does the outcome of this case look?

Marion Delgado · 6 December 2009

What does the law say happens if Freshwater, his lawyer, the school board, most of the teachers and some of the students have died, mostly of old age, by the time the case is finally settled? What happens when he crosses the mandatory retirement age threshhold, if such there be?

The Tim Channel · 6 December 2009

Marion, that is a question I think I started wondering about last year. It's here in the official record somewhere. LOL.

Enjoy.

FSM_Ed · 6 December 2009

Thanks for the writeup! I appreciate the time you are devoting to this matter. Just for the record, was the witnesses name Elle or Ellen? The Mount Vernon news story has her listed as Ellen. http://www.mountvernonnews.com/local/09/12/04/top-story. I also read that headline and groaned at the bad pun!

Paul Burnett · 6 December 2009

Richard wrote in the article: "(Recall that those Tesla coils have been at the school for decades, and may predate OSHA.)"

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHAct) was passed by Congress in 1970. I very seriously doubt that the "Tesla coils" are 39 years old or older. (Somehow I have the impression they are only a decade or at most two decades old.)

Chris Caprette · 6 December 2009

Hamilton pushed on the theory/law distinction, operating on the ‘laws are higher than theories’ notion. Button agreed with Hamilton’s statement that “The scientific method is designed to constantly evaluate ideas until they become a law, right?” Asked that a scientific law is, she said it was something known to be true. “Indisputable?” She answered, “yes.” Hamilton asked if there is a “scientific law of evolution.” She replied not that she knows of.
This is a classic misunderstanding of the word "law" in science. It is unfortunate that Button agreed with Hamilton on this point. Except for that bit of confusion, it seems she comported herself quite well. It also sounds like she is a good science teacher.
We spent some time on a poster that had apparently been in former Director of Curriculum Lynda Weston’s office that had a cartoon picture of a dinosaur with a speech balloon saying “I went extinct because I wouldn’t read.”
This sounds like a fundy knee-jerk response to any written word as having to be interpreted literally regardless of context. Was Hamilton trying to convince the audience that words in a cartoon are interpreted literally by middle school age children or just that he has no imagination or sense of humor? I was a big fan of Bugs Bunny, Roadrunner and Coyote, Tom & Jerry, Pink Panther, The Ant and the Aardvark, and so on when I was a wee lad (OK, I still am) and I guarantee that I knew that if I fell off a huge cliff or shot myself in the face, that I wasn't going to unfold like an accordion or wipe off the gun shot residue and live to fight another day.

Mike Elzinga · 6 December 2009

Chris Caprette said: Was Hamilton trying to convince the audience that words in a cartoon are interpreted literally by middle school age children or just that he has no imagination or sense of humor? I was a big fan of Bugs Bunny, Roadrunner and Coyote, Tom & Jerry, Pink Panther, The Ant and the Aardvark, and so on when I was a wee lad (OK, I still am) and I guarantee that I knew that if I fell off a huge cliff or shot myself in the face, that I wasn't going to unfold like an accordion or wipe off the gun shot residue and live to fight another day.
Just watching the way that the fundamentalist ID/creationist trolls argue on the various discussion boards (including PT and UD), this fundamentalist literal mindedness could very well be the reason these cartoons were said to cause violent behavior in children. With them, it still does. Humor and irony is lost on them.

RBH · 6 December 2009

FSM_Ed said: Thanks for the writeup! I appreciate the time you are devoting to this matter. Just for the record, was the witnesses name Elle or Ellen? The Mount Vernon news story has her listed as Ellen. http://www.mountvernonnews.com/local/09/12/04/top-story. I also read that headline and groaned at the bad pun!
Her name is Ellen, but she goes by Elle. I think it's spelled "Elle" and not "Ellie." I could be wrong.

Helena Constantine · 6 December 2009

Button, I suppose, is the 'good' science teacher in distinction to Freshwater. But her ignorance is appalling: she doesn't know the age of the universe, when hominids first evolved, if there are competing scientific theories to the big bang or what they might be, what a theory is in relation to a law, and she admits she can be out-argued ("shut down") by Freshwater.

This is just more evidence of a crisis in teaching (and not just of science) that makes the threat from creationism seem insignificant that no one wants to examine or address.

CharleyHorse · 6 December 2009

Several restaurants in this area serve dinosaur soft tissue.
We even have a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant.

One would need a rock hammer and diamond edged
saw blade to cut up the soft tissue mentioned by the defense
attorney.

Gary Hurd · 6 December 2009

Thanks again for all your effort on this. It will undoubtedly be touted as either an example of "persecution" or a "victory for creationism."

Mike Elzinga · 6 December 2009

CharleyHorse said: Several restaurants in this area serve dinosaur soft tissue. We even have a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant. One would need a rock hammer and diamond edged saw blade to cut up the soft tissue mentioned by the defense attorney.
They don’t even give you a Tesla coil to cut it up?

lyn · 6 December 2009

Helena Constantine said: Button, I suppose, is the 'good' science teacher in distinction to Freshwater. But her ignorance is appalling: she doesn't know the age of the universe, when hominids first evolved, if there are competing scientific theories to the big bang or what they might be, what a theory is in relation to a law, and she admits she can be out-argued ("shut down") by Freshwater. This is just more evidence of a crisis in teaching (and not just of science) that makes the threat from creationism seem insignificant that no one wants to examine or address.
Helena, Are you or have you ever been a middle school teacher? It takes a special person to teach the kids Elle does. She is the kind of teacher who will admit when she doesn't have all the answers and will get it for her students when they ask. She has a huge amount of empathy for kids, and they adore her. She is someone who seeks the truth. You could have a PhD in the 8th gr. classroom with ready answers but he/she may not know how to communicate/motivate students - or even really WANT to. This public forum is great for sharing information, but has it occured to you that Elle may read what you wrote? Part of the reason for a "crisis" in public education is the lack of respect shown for teachers by students, parents, and the public. What Elle said at the hearing was brave. She could have answered so many questions with "I don't recall," but she didn't. We want her teaching our kids.

mary · 6 December 2009

Lyn, I agree it was brave of her and I think she sounds like an excellent teacher. She did a GREAT job! Especially when you compare her to Freshwater

Steve Taylor · 6 December 2009

Helena SAID Button was a good teacher, but the reported speech shows she hasn't got a good grasp of the key subject under investigation - science itself.

If she is, as you say, seeking the truth, she has some catching up to do. The comments she made showed an egregrious lack of knowledge in really key areas.

Deklane · 6 December 2009

That Tesla coil sounds cool. I wish we'd had one in the classroom when I was in school! Since we didn't have a Tesla coil when I was in MtV city schools in the '60s, that probably puts the acquisition of one no earlier than 1969 or so in any case.

Marion Delgado · 6 December 2009

Helena and Steve:

Those of us who are pro-science are also more humble than the anti-science denialists. When we're asked a question we understand there are changes all the time - is the Big Bang in fact completely solid? What about the idea that the speed of light changed? Does that make the universe older? younger? what about those fossils they just found? does that change when hominids emerged?

It's way easier to keep up with religious doctrine than scientific consensus.

Also, if she shoots her mouth off too confidently she could well become a target in Mt. Vernon . And it'd be worse if she was also misspeaking at the same time, so she hedges her bets and goes the extra mile to not pretend to know it all.

By the way, I think Freshwater was a potentially good teacher ruined by neglectful administration. He should have moved to a religious school long ago.

But Elle Button's statements are not egregious, or evidence that her lack of knowledge is, either.

by the way I have taught grade school and middle school. middle schoolers can handle a lot more complexity, though less than high schoolers. Grade school kids are completely unquestioning. When they'd ask me stuff like how much good does recycling do, etc. etc. I would be very hesitant to say anything too confidently unless I was sure I wanted it sinking in and being part of how they think. For SOME teachers, teaching kids modifies how you express yourself. Please bear that in mind.

It's an understandable take, but not an issue.

Helena Constantine · 6 December 2009

The idea that the speed of light changed is, as far as I know, part of creationism.

Anyone concerned about mediocre science teaching ought to read this post:

http://www.theness.com/neurologicablog/?p=1331#more-1331

RBH · 6 December 2009

Helena Constantine said: Button, I suppose, is the 'good' science teacher in distinction to Freshwater. But her ignorance is appalling: she doesn't know the age of the universe, when hominids first evolved, if there are competing scientific theories to the big bang or what they might be, what a theory is in relation to a law, and she admits she can be out-argued ("shut down") by Freshwater. This is just more evidence of a crisis in teaching (and not just of science) that makes the threat from creationism seem insignificant that no one wants to examine or address.
To be fair, consider that middle school science teachers have at most a 15 to 20 year-old undergraduate degree in some science-related discipline, possibl a degree in "science education," face on the order of 150 students per day, are not embedded in the controversy as most of us here are, and are working from texts that don't give particularly in-depth coverage of a lot of content. To my direct knowledge Ms. Button is an enthusiastic and committed middle school science teacher and runs the school science fair. Freshwater did not "out-argue her" but rather declined to discuss the issues. He is a largish man and can appear intimidating. He's glib with creationist arguments and damned few high school or middle school teachers would be able to handle him in an argument about them. I could, and many posters here could because we're embedded in the controversy and know the arguments. But the average public school science teacher hasn't a chance against his glib Gish Gallop. I can go in as "Dr. H", former college bio faculty who's been in the creationist wars for more than 20 years, and smoke him. Even the best public school teachers by and large can't do that.

Wheels · 6 December 2009

I've got a couple of comments awaiting review before going through(?_

RBH · 6 December 2009

Wheels said: I've got a couple of comments awaiting review before going through(?_
Wheels, I have no email notifications of comments awaiting review (which we automagically get), and there are none showing in the Movable Type control panel. I dunno where they might be. Sorry.

Helena Constantine · 6 December 2009

RBH,

That is just the point I think. Science teachers ought to have a training much closer's to a scientist's.

You can smoke Freshwater, by the way, after I've dismantled his conception on the Bible (my formal training is in New Testament Criticism).

Wheels · 7 December 2009

Well, I was just fuming a bit about Hamilton trying to pull that "coal in Mt. St. Helens" crap, and groaning about the fact that it wasn't easily refuted.

Doc Bill · 7 December 2009

Could this hearing go on for another 14 months?

When it finally comes down against Freshwater is there an appeal process?

Paul Burnett · 7 December 2009

Paul Burnett said: Richard wrote in the article: "(Recall that those Tesla coils have been at the school for decades, and may predate OSHA.)" The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHAct) was passed by Congress in 1970. I very seriously doubt that the "Tesla coils" are 39 years old or older. (Somehow I have the impression they are only a decade or at most two decades old.)
I just got an e-mail from the manufacturer of the BD-10 "Tesla coil" which says thay probably started making it about 20 years ago. And in Googling for information on the BD-10 and other members of its genus, I found that it has "other uses" - Google "violet wand" (NOTE: Not Work Safe).

RBH · 7 December 2009

Helena Constantine said: RBH, That is just the point I think. Science teachers ought to have a training much closer's to a scientist's.
Sure, but like the best science teacher I ever had, Mr. Bauermeister back in the 1950s, the better the science training the more likely one is to leave teaching for more lucrative and less hassle-full work in industry. Once again, consider that a public school teacher in this district faces on the order of 120 to 150 students per day. On top of that, he or she has bus duty or parking lot duty or lunch room duty or detention room duty; has reports and grading and paperwork and meetings; and damn little leisure for reading or learning new stuff during during the school year. It is not an easy job and it has too few rewards. When we pay even mediocre investment bankers and professional athletes in the millions but pay the very best public school teachers in the low to mid tens of thousands we are defining our society's values, and it ain't a pretty sight. It takes special people to endure the crap public school teachers have to put up with, crap that has increased over the years. My wife has taught high school special ed for over 40 years and I've watched the crap--from kids, parents, and administrators--increase decade by decade. I wouldn't last 20 minutes in her classroom.

RBH · 7 December 2009

Doc Bill said: Could this hearing go on for another 14 months? When it finally comes down against Freshwater is there an appeal process?
M guess is that the hearing will wind up in late December, or perhaps January. After Hamilton finishes putting on Freshwater's defense, the board's attorney has the opportunity to put on a rebuttal case and then Hamilton has the opportunity to put on a rejoinder to the board's rebuttal case. I don't know if the latter two will happen; if they do then we're doomed. Depending on what the referee recommends and what action the Board takes on the recommendation, we may see further legal proceedings. If the referee recommends against Freshwater and the Board accepts that recommendation, Freshwater can take his case to the Court of Common Pleas, suing to overturn the Board's action. This is a state issue, and so doesn't enter the federal courts. Bear in mind that two federal suits are still active, the Dennis family against Freshwater (they settled with the Board and administrative defendants), and Freshwater's suit against the Dennis family, the Board, some administrators, and a bunch of John and Jane Does. I have no idea how long they will take, but at this stage they're still taking depositions in preparation for court hearings sometime later.

RBH · 7 December 2009

And I see above in my description of a teacher's duties I neglected to mention actually preparing for the classes in which one faces 120-150 students. All that other stuff is piled on top of the actual preparation and teaching of content.

Think about that: You've got a teaching professional with a Master's degree plus more than two hundred credit hours of additional graduate-level course work and 40 years of teaching experience standing out in a forking parking lot to ensure that students don't speed as they leave school. That's a real intelligent use of human resources there.

Jose Fly · 7 December 2009

RE: The first part of Elle Button's direct examination by Hamilton

What exactly are they getting at asking her about things like scientific laws and theories, evolution and BB being theories, etc.? When I read that, it seemed to me like Freshwater and his attorney are almost conceding that he taught creationist material, but that it was justified. Otherwise, why go into all that? Why ask about "soft tissue" in dinosaur fossils?

That seems a very strange strategy on their part. First they deny Freshwater taught creationism, but later on they start putting creationist talking points into the record?

Maybe that's the consequence of Freshwater hiring a lawyer who also seems to share his fundamentalist Christian beliefs. Rather than get an objective attorney who's only goal is to present the best case he can in your favor, when you get a fellow fundie as a lawyer he starts mixing up the legal case with your shared evangelical/proselytizing agenda.

DS · 7 December 2009

Jose wrote:

"What exactly are they getting at asking her about things like scientific laws and theories, evolution and BB being theories, etc.?"

Apparently their defense goes something like this:

If any other faculty member can be shown to lack a basic understanding of scientific principles, then that is an excuse for Freshwater to use his classroom to illegally peddle his own "brand" of religion under the guise of science.

Makes perfect sense to me. This is obviously a perfect "expert" witness in these matters. Of course the issue here is not anyone else's understanding of science, only Freshwater's. The issue is not whether his behavior is illegal or not, that has already been decided by the Supreme Court. The only issue here is whether he should be fired for breaking the law and mutilating his students or not. The fact that they let him get away with it for years is not a defense. The fact that others may have misconceptions or incomplete knowledge is not a defense.

Or maybe the lawyer is just trying to pad his own pockets with money from the faithful. That seems to be the only reasonable explanation for the proceedings.

eric · 7 December 2009

Before the session this morning near the hearing room in the County Commissioners domain I ran into an attorney friend who has often served as an acting judge. He remarked that it appeared the referee long ago lost control of the hearing. I agreed.

Totally. Even for actual court cases "a fair trial" does not mean you are granted every extension you ask for to interview every Tom, Dick, and Harry you can dredge up. The anti-firing side has been going on for over a year. Personally I think the its well past time when the referee could justifiably demand Freshwater's attorney wrap it up. But even if that's unreasonable, I think the referee owes it to the other parties in the suit to Freshwater's side to identify exactly what else he plans to present, so that at least the uncertainty about how long its going to take is gone.

RBH · 7 December 2009

DS said: Or maybe the lawyer is just trying to pad his own pockets with money from the faithful. That seems to be the only reasonable explanation for the proceedings.
According to Freshwater's deposition in the federal suit, Freshwater has already signed over his land to Hamilton, his attorney. He has two parcels, one about 11 acres and one about 17 acres, but the county records don't show a deed transfer yet; as far as the County Auditor is concerned Freshwater still owns that land.

Jose Fly · 7 December 2009

DS said: Apparently their defense goes something like this: If any other faculty member can be shown to lack a basic understanding of scientific principles, then that is an excuse for Freshwater to use his classroom to illegally peddle his own "brand" of religion under the guise of science.
If that is indeed the case, then it's even worse than I thought. Being blinded by your evangelical mission I can understand, but what you describe is just downright incompetence. It amounts to nothing more than "She's just as ignorant as my client!!" It still looks to me like Freshwater's attorney is just as much a YEC as Freshwater, and it's affecting his handling of the case.

RBH · 7 December 2009

Jose Fly said: It still looks to me like Freshwater's attorney is just as much a YEC as Freshwater, and it's affecting his handling of the case.
He definitely is. See his comments transcribed here on why he took Freshwater's case.

eric · 7 December 2009

Jose Fly said: It amounts to nothing more than "She's just as ignorant as my client!!" It still looks to me like Freshwater's attorney is just as much a YEC as Freshwater, and it's affecting his handling of the case.
Maybe he's doing everything he can to rack up costs, in which case calling up irrelevant witnesses and asking them irrelevant questions is a great strategy for as long as the referee will allow it. This serves two purposes: it makes the administration look bad, and it sends them a warning not to try and fire anyone else (or else it will cost them this much again). If this is what he's trying to do, then his handling of the case is pretty good. (Credit - many others in previous posts have said this or something similar before.)

DS · 7 December 2009

Eric wrote:

"Maybe he’s doing everything he can to rack up costs, in which case calling up irrelevant witnesses and asking them irrelevant questions is a great strategy for as long as the referee will allow it."

The referee? What about the other lawyer? Has he ever heard the words: "Objection, relevance."

Can't those words be used in this venue? I realize that this isn't exactly Perry Mason, but come on. Someone should put an end to this farce. I can understand why Freshwater would want to put off being fired, but why would anyone else play along?

Oh and how much do you want to bet that that deed will never be transferred.

raven · 7 December 2009

Freshwater is acting like time is on his side.

He may think the new school board may be more sympathetic. I doubt it, but fundies, who knows?

But the school is playing with taxpayer's money. And there is always more of that. And even if the fundies take over the school board and plaster the school with jesus pictures, there is always the federal courts. And parents sick and tired of people trying to brainwash their kids with some weird religious beliefs in public schools to take them to court over it.

One of the standard fundie tactics is to go into the schools and scream at the teachers and principles. How dare you claim the sun is a fusion reactor burning hydrogen when it says right here in the bible it is a large lump of coal. But that works both ways. Out here, some parents scream about the opposite.

raven · 7 December 2009

The fundies always want to declare everything a battleground. The public schools, nativity scenes in the park, you name it they will try to fight over it.

The public schools are a favorite place. It could be that the Mr. Vernon schools will be a battleground for fundie religion for the forseeable future.

I would add that most people get fed up pretty quick and toss them if they catch on. They really just want the schools to be schools, not war zones.

It has even happened here. The superintendent of schools didn't broadcast Obama's speech after some parents complained about the Moslem guy. Shortly afterwards, his job was vacant. I don't know what happened, whether the commiecrats or theothuglicans ousted him or he just quit for other reasons. The timing was odd and it was sudden, right as the school year started.

Chuck · 7 December 2009

Helena Constantine said: Button, I suppose, is the 'good' science teacher in distinction to Freshwater. But her ignorance is appalling...
Said about a middle school science teacher? When was the last time you tried teaching middle-schoolers anything? This is like the red belt in a well equipped dojo dissing the form of a grunt caught up in hand to hand combat. I know what my reply would have been when I was teaching, and it ain't printable in polite company.

Jose Fly · 7 December 2009

RBH said:
Jose Fly said: It still looks to me like Freshwater's attorney is just as much a YEC as Freshwater, and it's affecting his handling of the case.
He definitely is. See his comments transcribed here on why he took Freshwater's case.
That's what I was remembering. From your accounts, it sure looks to me like Hamilton started to blur the lines between arguing that Freshwater didn't teach creationism and arguing over YEC talking points with a science teacher.

Paul Burnett · 7 December 2009

DS said: Or maybe the lawyer is just trying to pad his own pockets with money from the faithful.
The gullible faithful have a bottomless pit of money, from churches across the nation - and Hamilton is going to get all of it he can. And Raven's right: "But the school is playing with taxpayer’s money. And there is always more of that." This could drag on forever.

Helena Constantine · 8 December 2009

RBH and Chuck,

Yes I have taught in a Middle school, where I was appauled by the ignornace fo my fellow tteachers. I remember on the alst day I was there there was a round table discussion among English a half dozen English teachers who all told the same story of taking their certification exams and being asked to write essays about authors they had never heard of--of curse, none of them had even been English majors. The teacher examined above, without her inability to answer the ludicrous objections about only a theory and the coal at Mt. St. Helen's etc., doesn't strike me as that different.

The pay for school teachers ought to be made at least comparable to a professor's and the requirement ought not to be a degree in education, but an MA in the teaching area. The problem is where would the money come from to double salaries, and few if any of the present teachers could continue (although I might go back). The reforms needed are too vast ever to be implemented.

I admit I would be powerless in front of a large group of unmotivated students (teaching Latin, I never had to worry about that--and after they dropped Latin, I spent a year full time in-school suspension, which just like they figured, convinced me to leave--I was pregnant anyway so I had better things to do), but, on the other hand, why would 13 years olds, whose brains are programed for voracious learning, be uninterested and unmotivated with what is on offer?

To Chuck in particular--I don't think a grunt has engaged in hand to hand combat since the battle of Gettysburg (a few commandos aside, if you insist). The question is why we aren't using grunts trained to employ weapons and why we aren't arming them.

RBH · 8 December 2009

James T said: In your personal opinion, how does the outcome of this case look?
I really don't know -- I can't read the referee at all, and IANAL so I'm not well qualified to predict it. Some parts of the Board's case have been well supported in testimony; others not. I flat don't know.

jane · 8 December 2009

Just read an update on a site that John Freshwater is on the stand again. I am sure RBH will have some good reading for us!

Mike from Ottawa · 8 December 2009

Could this hearing go on for another 14 months?
Jarndyce v Jarndyce anyone? As to Elle Button not having a ready answer to the Mount St Helens coal guff, well, I'd be confident it was pure bollocks, but I'd have to look up the specifics (and I follow this evolution - creationism stuff as a hobby) to give a cogent answer and under oath you really shouldn't be winging it. And, let's face it, it is far easier for a creationist to make a BS claim than it is to set out why it's BS, that's the essence of creationism's flim-flam. On the human origins, well, the range is several million years depending on whether you go with modern Homo sapiens, the earliest members of Homo or the earliest members of our lineage after the split from the chimps/bonobos. And that's just the imprecision you expect in a world where organisms evolve and where those pesky scientists keep discovering new things and having new insights, isn't it.

Chuck · 8 December 2009

@Helena,
The combat thing was meant as a figure of speech, not a history lesson.
As to the reason you seek, well you already stated it: MONEY

I'm not sure paraphrasing a liar is a good tactic, but in this case it seems to be apt- "We go to school with the teachers we can afford, not the teachers we wish we could afford."

Exactly how many credit hours do you think a middle school general science teacher would need to be qualified? If you just count chemistry, physics, biology and history of science, plus education related courses, you could be headed north of 200 credit hours just for a bachelors degree. My BS in Science Education was about a 140 credit hour program. That earned me $11,600/year in 1982.

She probably could have learned a better response to that fairly predictable question, but she might have decided her time would be better spent grading the 300 pages of homework a week that would be typical for the job.

phantomreader42 · 8 December 2009

Jose Fly said:
DS said: Apparently their defense goes something like this: If any other faculty member can be shown to lack a basic understanding of scientific principles, then that is an excuse for Freshwater to use his classroom to illegally peddle his own "brand" of religion under the guise of science.
If that is indeed the case, then it's even worse than I thought. Being blinded by your evangelical mission I can understand, but what you describe is just downright incompetence. It amounts to nothing more than "She's just as ignorant as my client!!"
The response to this should be "obviously not, she at least knows well enough not to burn children."

raven · 8 December 2009

talkorigins.org: Claim no. 3: Spirit Lake peat is texturally very similar to coal. This is also a false statement. The shredded plant material at the bottom of Spirit Lake that is being called peat has little if any resemblance to the peat found in modern peat swamps such as those in Indonesia that are considered modern analogues of the eastern United States' Pennsylvanian coals. It has even less similarity to coal.
For anyone who wonders, the Mt. St. Helens coal formation is another creationist lie. At the bottom of a lake, there is an accumulation of organic material that looks vaguely like peat as an aftermath of the eruption and dead trees accumulating in the lake. Creationists claim that this is all but coal that formed suddenly. It's not. It would take many feet of this, then being buried, heated and compressed to make into coal. How long this would take and if it would ever happen is uncertain but probably on the order of millions or tens of millions of years. Elle Button might find talkorigins.org valuable. One can't expect normal people to be familiar with every creationist lie. Dragons and unicorns being spotted, backyard dirt turning to rock suddenly, pleisiosaurs caught in nets, and instantaneous oil and coal formation are staples of the lunatic fringes but most people don't pay that much attention to lunatics.

eric · 8 December 2009

DS said: The referee? What about the other lawyer? Has he ever heard the words: "Objection, relevance." Can't those words be used in this venue? I realize that this isn't exactly Perry Mason, but come on. Someone should put an end to this farce.
I think when RBH commented that he agreed with his attorney friend that 'the referee long ago lost control of the hearing,' he was referring to the inability or unwillingness of the referee to limit testimony (both in extent and time).

dogmeatib · 8 December 2009

RBH said:
To be fair, consider that middle school science teachers have at most a 15 to 20 year-old undergraduate degree in some science-related discipline, possibl a degree in "science education," face on the order of 150 students per day, are not embedded in the controversy as most of us here are, and are working from texts that don't give particularly in-depth coverage of a lot of content. To my direct knowledge Ms. Button is an enthusiastic and committed middle school science teacher and runs the school science fair. Freshwater did not "out-argue her" but rather declined to discuss the issues. He is a largish man and can appear intimidating. He's glib with creationist arguments and damned few high school or middle school teachers would be able to handle him in an argument about them. I could, and many posters here could because we're embedded in the controversy and know the arguments. But the average public school science teacher hasn't a chance against his glib Gish Gallop. I can go in as "Dr. H", former college bio faculty who's been in the creationist wars for more than 20 years, and smoke him. Even the best public school teachers by and large can't do that.
I support both of these points. First, exactly how much astronomy does a middle school science teacher cover? Or human origins? Given the scope of the material they have to cover, combined with the fact that, in most states, they have to prep them for a major standardized test, and the lack of up to date or specific knowledge regarding elements of their field that likely aren't critical to the success of their students. Really, which species is the "origin" of humans? Homo Sapiens? Ardipithicus? Somewhere in between? Earlier? How much of this question is in any way related to 8th grade science? Now, asking those questions, quick, without any time to reflect and recognizing you're under oath, how long have humans been around? I can forgive her for those minor discrepancies. The law/theory thing is a bit more iffy, but not uncommon. Finally, I agree completely regarding the meaning of "shut her down" in debating a creationist colleague. I've run into a number of them and used to try to use reason and debate the issue with them pointing to the actual evidence, etc. I found that the majority really don't want to hear it, they want to preach their religion and, because our silly science questions their faith, it "must" be wrong. While generally good people, honest, etc., when it comes to this issue they generally shut themselves down, are not rational, refuse to accept evidence, etc. In some cases they will often become quite angry. So, ultimately, "shutting down" someone in such a debate isn't that they came up with evidence that they couldn't refute, that they made arguments beyond reproach, or anything of substance, it's more than they refused to listen any further, became argumentative rather than open to debate and, may have become threatening.

sylvilagus · 8 December 2009

Helena Constantine said: Button, I suppose, is the 'good' science teacher in distinction to Freshwater. But her ignorance is appalling: she doesn't know the age of the universe, when hominids first evolved, if there are competing scientific theories to the big bang or what they might be, what a theory is in relation to a law, and she admits she can be out-argued ("shut down") by Freshwater. This is just more evidence of a crisis in teaching (and not just of science) that makes the threat from creationism seem insignificant that no one wants to examine or address.
Let's see.. you take a third person summary (and admittedly a loose summary) of a single teacher's comments under pressure on the stand during a highly politicized legal controversy in the midst of a litigious minded community of wing-nuts and you take this as actual evidence of what this teacher does or does not know??? Then you extrapolate this individual case as more evidence of a generalized crisis in teaching??? Please get a grip on yourself.

sylvilagus · 8 December 2009

Helena Constantine said: Yes I have taught in a Middle school, where I was appauled by the ignornace fo my fellow tteachers. I remember on the alst day I was there there was a round table discussion among English a half dozen English teachers who all told the same story of taking their certification exams and being asked to write essays about authors they had never heard of--of curse, none of them had even been English majors.
Just out of curiosity, how long ago was this? And what author(s) were they discussing? You act as if this is obvious evidence of their ignorance, but is it possible that such a test might not be fair? Licensing exams of many sorts are notorious for being disconnected to the reality of professional knowledge and practice. The diversity of texts read in BA and MA English programs is so diverse that there is no guarantee that even strong candidates would be able to write on any randomly selected text. Any test of that sort would be of little value. Not to mention that knowledge of specific authors is not the best measure of professional readiness for an English teacher, even at the university level.
The pay for school teachers ought to be made at least comparable to a professor's and the requirement ought not to be a degree in education, but an MA in the teaching area.
These days, an Ed degree is not sufficient. Middle and HS teachers must be "Highly Qualified" (HQT) with an undergraduate degree in their subject matter, or be able to demonstrate the equivalent knowledge through the same amount of course work or through testing. As for the MA/MS, most teachers are know are encouraged to this by teh pay scale structure. No teacher without an MA/MS can move very high salary-wise so most work towards that. Many achieve double Master degrees (the highest pay scale typically)
but, on the other hand, why would 13 years olds, whose brains are programed for voracious learning, be uninterested and unmotivated with what is on offer?
Your joking, right?

fnxtr · 8 December 2009

I know some 13 year olds. Boys and girls. Classroom learning is on a list of priorities right near vegetable-eating and room-tidying.

Juicy heart · 8 December 2009

Another thing in re to Button's science knowledge is that she is teaching primarily for the state's standard test. Reading between the lines evolution does not play a big part in that test: Freshwater's student seem to excell at it, but at the same time the high school teachers are complaining that his students are not properly primed in the basics of evolutionary theory. In fact he seems be filling their heads with as much creationist rubbish as he can get away with. If teaching is Button's main focus and her student's passage of the state's standards test is the basis of how she evaluated for her job, then not being 100% solid on things not on the test is almost inevitable. It would be nice if her testimony was scientificly more accurate, but then I don't think she'd be on the witness stand. At least she isn't intentionally misinforming her students.

Chris Caprette · 8 December 2009

The pay for school teachers ought to be made at least comparable to a professor’s
Public school teacher salaries exceed those of university professors (outside of Division 1 and perhaps Division 2 research universities where some faculty are highly paid) despite the fact that university professors often have a greater, although more specialized education and considerably more institutional responsibilities. This is especially the case for math and science teachers. Don't get me wrong - I think both K-12 and University faculty are paid too little for the value of their service while administration, particularly in universities are paid way too much. IMO, however, one major problem is not salary but rather that for K-12 school teachers to obtain a bachelor's degree in education they must take a lot of education courses and memorize a huge amount of curriculum standards across multiple disciplines which leaves little time to learn the details of their particular specialty before entering the workforce. Moreover, they must be much more skillful in the art of teaching than most university faculty because the students are less emotionally mature and disciplined. The consequences are that even some fundamental concepts are learned incorrectly and the teacher is unlikely to remain as up to date as (s)he would like. I think the internet access will help teachers update their understanding within their specialties and will help correct many errors of understanding. Unfortunately, the emphasis on rote memorization and standardized testing (further entrenched by the ECCKMBA*) at every level of public education (especially K-12) is eroding the quality of US education, sacrificing understanding and the ability to think independently and critically on the altar of knowledge of disjointed facts, especially in math and science. We are creating generations of trained parrots rather than people with rich cognitive abilities. * Every Child Can Kiss My Behind Act

Helena Constantine · 8 December 2009

There seems to be some surprise over my assertion that 13 years are desperate to learn. But they are, and for evolutionary reasons, since its a tremendous advantage to properly use that enormous brain we have. When I was 13 I spent more time reading and absorbing other forms of art (painting and film), and learning as much as I could about science from outlets like PBS, than I have at any later time (except possibly the most intense years of grad school). Its true I had no interest in school, but it wasn't because I didn't want to learn. Rather I recognized that there was very little learning to be had there. That is the basic disconnect that needs to be changed.

RHB:

What I meant about religion providing an evolutionary advantage is somewhat different than what you outlined. The idea of a personal relationship with Jesus is nothing at all like religion as it has functioned for the last 100,000 years; it doesn't depend on the ability to believe things that aren't quite real.

Imagine a tribe of hunter gatherers during a famine. Unless it is the most severe crisis where the danger of starvation is so great that individuals have to do whatever is necessary to survive (cannibalism, etc.), then even in bad times it is to the evolutionary advantage of individuals to share resources outise the immeidate family or even outside the tribe because it will encourage others to share at some future time, and because everyone benefits from the survival of a larger healthy gene pool (to avoid inbreeding). It is that altruistic impulse that I think is the evolutionary source of religion, which throughout most of history was about communal food production (the shamans and later the priests lead the community in rituals intended to increase food production, i.e. pray for rain). Everything else was elaborated out of that (the theory of immortality espoused at Eleusis for instance depended on an analogy with the life cycle of wheat). Precisely because religion is an expression of altruism, most people naturally think of it as a social good and distrust people that shun it. But, of course, over the last 2000 years religion has been elaborated considerable into a whole way of perceiving the universe that stands in direct opposition to scientific investigation, and has, in its most virulent form, devolved into an unpleasant sort of kitsch (fundamentalism) that is more more like a parody of real religion, or even real Christianity.

Helena Constantine · 8 December 2009

Chris Carpette:

around here, Junior High school teachers start around 26,000 per annum, Junior college teachers around 55,000. I've never looked into national statistics (that's in the humanities--science faculty make more at the college). The problem is that those education courses (and I can't imagine what good they do) are privileged over subject knowledge and teachers can start with fewer hours in their field than a minor degree.

Cheryl Shepherd-Adams · 9 December 2009

Chris Caprette said: Public school teacher salaries exceed those of university professors (outside of Division 1 and perhaps Division 2 research universities where some faculty are highly paid) despite the fact that university professors often have a greater, although more specialized education and considerably more institutional responsibilities. This is especially the case for math and science teachers.
Where do science/math teachers get a larger salary than the teachers of other subjects? I'm aware that a few districts have offered signing bonuses for hard-to-find teachers - science, math, special ed, foreign languages - but do you have documentation that these teachers are paid more per year than other teachers, after that initial bonus? In our area, a new teacher starts at $33,500. Recent local university tenure-track hires are starting in the high $40's. The highest-paid teacher in our school district can earn $55,380. A university professor in our area - small, D2 teaching college - pulls in between $80,000 and $120,000. I'd be *very* interested in seeing the data behind your claim that "public school teacher salaries exceed those of university professors."

RBH · 9 December 2009

Cheryl Shepherd-Adams said: I'd be *very* interested in seeing the data behind your claim that "public school teacher salaries exceed those of university professors."
So would I. My wife has been a public school teacher for over 40 years while I was a college professor for a couple of decades, so we're directly aware of the disparity between them and it doesn't go in the direction Chris claims.

Marion Delgado · 9 December 2009

Helena:

No. Only the magnitude of the purported change is a creationism or younger earth or whatever point. The idea that the speed of light has slowed slightly since the universe began is neither outlandish nor yet close to being part of the scientific consensus.

http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/08/07/tech/main517850.shtml

The article incorrectly implies they're the first to follow this line.

FSM_Ed · 9 December 2009

I'd like to thank you for elaborating on the witnesses name, Elle or Ellen Button. I hope the community is getting real tired of how much this is costing them. Hopefully they'll have less tolerance for such shenanigans in the future.

Marion Delgado · 9 December 2009

Richard:

What's your sense on what FSM Ed says above?

Is Mt. Vernon tired of what this is costing them, and in which direction would their resentment, if any, go?

Chris Caprette · 9 December 2009

RBH said:
Cheryl Shepherd-Adams said: I'd be *very* interested in seeing the data behind your claim that "public school teacher salaries exceed those of university professors."
So would I. My wife has been a public school teacher for over 40 years while I was a college professor for a couple of decades, so we're directly aware of the disparity between them and it doesn't go in the direction Chris claims.
My sample was certainly biased in two ways, as most of my science ed contacts were high school teachers in suburban districts and in my mind compensation must be considered in the context of what you do for your pay. For example, my former supervisor is a scientist at a D1 research university and his wife is a high school science teacher in a suburban district. She worked half-time and was paid more than half of his salary and had none of the research or committee responsibilities. She basically had summers off. Also, we have a life-science licensure program shared between our dept and the education dept. I was told that the graduates from that program (that go to high schools) typically get placed in districts that pay very well (frequently more than us). Otherwise, why would they shell out the bucks for a private education to prepare for a career that wouldn't pay them well enough to pay off their loans? As for the second bias let's also remember that the comparison is not reasonable on the face of it. While both university and K-12 educators are often paid on 9-month contracts, science professors (especially untenured science professors) are under enormous pressure to produce research that must pass muster through stringent reviews for publication, apply for and obtain significant extramural funding and still manage to stay current in the courses that they teach. Frequently, most of that work is performed during off-contract hours and is not supported by the institution. When was the last time a middle school or high school science teacher was canned for not maintaining an extramurally-funded research program or for not keeping up an 2-per year (or greater) publication rate in addition to maintaining a record of positive teaching evaluations (student and peer observer)? Both jobs have their burdens but please don't throw college professors under the bus as well-paid slackers to prop up the image of long-suffering poverty-stricken school teachers.

Chuck · 9 December 2009

Chris Caprette said: ...Frequently, most of that work is performed during off-contract hours and is not supported by the institution. When was the last time a middle school or high school science teacher was canned for not maintaining an extramurally-funded research program or for not keeping up an 2-per year (or greater) publication rate in addition to maintaining a record of positive teaching evaluations (student and peer observer)? Both jobs have their burdens but please don't throw college professors under the bus as well-paid slackers to prop up the image of long-suffering poverty-stricken school teachers.
I don't recall being paid to grade papers for an hour or two every night either. And you started your post with "Public school teacher salaries exceed those of university professors..." As a general statement, that is simply inaccurate by tens of thousands of dollars a year. And more importantly: Saying that middle school teachers are underpaid is not the same thing as saying professors are overpaid. So what was your point?

RBH · 9 December 2009

Marion Delgado said: Richard: What's your sense on what FSM Ed says above? Is Mt. Vernon tired of what this is costing them, and in which direction would their resentment, if any, go?
Yeah, there's a good deal of resentment over the cost, and the blame is spread around. Freshwater gets a fair share, as does the Board. In the recent Board of Education election two incumbents were defeated on what I suspect was the 'throw the rascals out' principle, while one Freshwater supporter and one who I think can be fairly called a Freshwater critic were elected. So that outcome was equivocal. It's ironic, though. Back in 2003 Freshwater offered a proposal to add the Intelligent Design Network's Objective Origins Science Policy to the science curriculum. A BOE member then, Sam Laudeman, remarked in the Board meeting on the proposal that he'd searched the web and found the proponents of that policy talking about a culture war. He voted against the policy because, he said, he didn't want that war fought in Mt. Vernon. Now, 6 years later, here it is.

Cheryl Shepherd-Adams · 9 December 2009

Chris, I didn't "throw college professors under the bus as well-paid slackers to prop up the image of long-suffering poverty-stricken school teachers." I'm fully aware of the differences between teaching K12 and teaching at the university/college level. Apples and oranges.

I simply asked for data to support the statement you made that "Public school teacher salaries exceed those of university professors . . . " Thank you for admitting that your data was anecdotal and not composed of area-, state-, or nationwide statistics.

Chris Caprette · 9 December 2009

Chuck said:
Chris Caprette said: ...Frequently, most of that work is performed during off-contract hours and is not supported by the institution. When was the last time a middle school or high school science teacher was canned for not maintaining an extramurally-funded research program or for not keeping up an 2-per year (or greater) publication rate in addition to maintaining a record of positive teaching evaluations (student and peer observer)? Both jobs have their burdens but please don't throw college professors under the bus as well-paid slackers to prop up the image of long-suffering poverty-stricken school teachers.
I don't recall being paid to grade papers for an hour or two every night either. And you started your post with "Public school teacher salaries exceed those of university professors..." As a general statement, that is simply inaccurate by tens of thousands of dollars a year. And more importantly: Saying that middle school teachers are underpaid is not the same thing as saying professors are overpaid. So what was your point?
The original comment to which I replied lamented that school teachers were paid less than college professors. I knew of specific cases where that was not so. I was then asked to cite those examples. I did. That original comment may have asked why don't we pay school teachers as much as bank managers and it would have been just as relevant a comparison but the commenter specifically used college professors. I took that as a sideways swipe at college professors, implying that we are undeserving of greater compensation as school teachers. Thus my later comments were an attempt to explain why I think we do deserve greater compensation. Perhaps I mistook the intent of that original comment. If so, I am sorry for the misunderstanding. By the way grading papers off hours pales in comparison to what untenured science faculty have to do to keep their jobs, especially at the small- to medium-sized liberal arts colleges where the administrations have delusions of D1 research levels of funding but are entirely unwilling to invest a penny to support the work necessary to achieve it.

Jedidiah Palosaari · 11 December 2009

Ack! Dinosaurs are *not* extinct! They *do* live at the same time as humans! We call them "birds".

John Kwok · 11 December 2009

I certainly haven't seen any data demonstrating this. Moreover, there have been too many instances where I have seen comments from notable teachers and former teachers (I'm going to break my promise, but it is relevant here.) such as my high school English (and creative writing) teacher - known of course as a bestselling memoirist late in his life - the late Frank McCourt, stating that teachers are among the worst-paid professions (While I will not rely solely on ancedotal data from even Frank himself, the sorry state of secondary science school education in the United States merely confirms what he and others have been saying for years.):
Cheryl Shepherd-Adams said: Chris, I didn't "throw college professors under the bus as well-paid slackers to prop up the image of long-suffering poverty-stricken school teachers." I'm fully aware of the differences between teaching K12 and teaching at the university/college level. Apples and oranges. I simply asked for data to support the statement you made that "Public school teacher salaries exceed those of university professors . . . " Thank you for admitting that your data was anecdotal and not composed of area-, state-, or nationwide statistics.

stevaroni · 12 December 2009

White testified that she has a Bible on her desk, and has a right to have it there. He testified that any teacher could keep a Bible on their desk if it is only for personal use without students present, and if it’s not used as part of a religious display or for use in instruction. -snip- Hamilton quoted from a memo from Bill Oxenford, head of the middle school science department, to Miller which said “devotional materials must be out of sight.” (Miller had previously had a stack of Christian devotional material on her desk.) White wasn’t sure what those materials consisted of.

A right to have "devotional materials" on your desk? These people are at work, right? Every place I've ever worked had some sort of policy on what you could and couldn't have going in your workspace, especially if you're on the public end of the operation. I suspect that if one of the other teachers had chosen to prominently display a Koran on the corner of his desk, or better yet, a Satanic Bible replete with a tasteful cover engraving of the Horned God of Wicca, the administration would have quickly found a paragraph about clean desktops somewhere in their policy manual. Fact is, if your Bible really is "private devotional material" and "only for personal use without students present" then you're not exactly suffering if you keep it in a drawer and take it out on break. the real issue is that people like Freshwater and Miller don't actually want to limit their Bibles to "personal use", they want to make public display out of it, otherwise it would be no big deal to just leave it in the briefcase that you bring it in with every morning. (Unless, of course, you have a "desk copy" which stays there 24/7, in which case it's even more of a statement.) Somehow, I still can't shake the feeling that the real issue here is that the school was just asking for this sort of problem by not having a simple, clean policy that said "pray on your own time and don't display religious stuff in the public spaces". You would think, that in light of all the high-profile, high-cost cases there have been all these years, and the subsequent sensitivity any school board should have about how easy it is to get sucked into the legal morass of one of these things, their lawyer would have absolutely insisted a clearly worded "You are at work here, pray at home" policy. You have the school board that, for legal reasons, must keep the separation high, but you have proselytizing individuals that want to erode any separation at all. And it all unfolds against an existing background of expensive lawsuits. And in response, Mount Vernon chose the whole spineless "you can have some devotional materials on prominent display in your room but not too many" policy that's supposed to place the dividing line. Purposely putting the line on a slippery slope, with a lot of emotional judgment calls on each side. Doomed from the start. If there's any place where the bright red flashing "gonna get sued someday" light should have been going off and any lawyer who could fog a mirror should have insisted on simple, clean, "don't do this" policy, this is it.

RBH · 12 December 2009

stevaroni said: [SNIP] Fact is, if your Bible really is "private devotional material" and "only for personal use without students present" then you're not exactly suffering if you keep it in a drawer and take it out on break.
My pretty clear impression is that Freshwater has a sort of talismanic attitude toward that particular Bible as a physical object:
A talisman is an amulet or other object considered to possess supernatural or magical powers.
It's not all all that far from a lucky rabbit's foot, as far as I can tell.

JASONMITCHELL · 22 December 2009

RBH said:
stevaroni said: [SNIP] Fact is, if your Bible really is "private devotional material" and "only for personal use without students present" then you're not exactly suffering if you keep it in a drawer and take it out on break.
My pretty clear impression is that Freshwater has a sort of talismanic attitude toward that particular Bible as a physical object:
A talisman is an amulet or other object considered to possess supernatural or magical powers.
It's not all all that far from a lucky rabbit's foot, as far as I can tell.
--Isn't there something in the Bible that forbids idolatry? Just one more example of whakaloon hypocrisy