It seems to me that the Catholic church has come to understand that intelligent design fails to contribute either to science or to theology in a manner fruitful to be discussed. I can't wait to read Denyse O'Leary's comments on these 'shocking' developments. The reason for having this Congress was explained in a Press Conference which included "Archbishop Gianfranco Ravasi, president of the Pontifical Council for Culture; Fr. Marc Leclerc S.J., professor of the philosophy of nature at the Pontifical Gregorian University; Gennaro Auletta, scientific director of the STOQ Project and professor of the philosophy of science at the Pontifical Gregorian University, and Alessandro Minelli, professor of zoology at the University of Padua, Italy. "He said arguments "that cannot be critically defined as being science, or philosophy or theology did not seem feasible to include in a dialogue at this level and, therefore, for this reason we did not think to invite" supporters of creationism and intelligent design.
On Pharyngula, PZ Myers gives us his perspectives on the event. And while PZ has his usual fun with the attempt at combining science with theology, I believe that he is missing the point. The Catholic Church, and especially the Jesuits, have been bitten by an anti-science stance more than once and have come to appreciate that a good theology needs to include scientific knowledge, not deny it. So while some churches have chosen to ignore science and embrace (Intelligent Design) Creationism, especially the Young Earth variant, the Catholic church, at least in this case, has rightfully rejected (Intelligent Design) Creationism from a conference which focuses on theology and science. I find such a position quite refreshing even though I disagree with the Catholic Church on many of its teachings regarding the position of women, birth control etc. PZ points out an interesting fact I had missed"Debates on the theory of evolution are becoming ever more heated, both among Christians and in specifically evolutionist circles", Fr. Leclerc explained. "In particular, with the approach of the ... 150th anniversary of the publication of 'The Origin of Species', Charles Darwin's work is still too often discussed more in ideological terms than in the scientific ones which were his true intention". "In such circumstances - as Christian scientists, philosophers and theologians directly involved in the debate alongside colleagues from other confessions or of no confession at all - we felt it incumbent upon us to bring some clarification. The aim is to generate wide-ranging rational discussion in order to favour fruitful dialogue among scholars from various fields and areas of expertise. The Church has profound interest in such dialogue, while fully respecting the competencies of each and all. This is, however, an academic congress, organised by two Catholic universities, the Gregorian University in Rome and Notre Dame in the United States, and as such is not an ecclesial event. Yet the patronage of the Pontifical Council for Culture serves to underline the Church's interest in such questions".
I believe that the Archbishop may be referring to a position such as philosophical naturalism, where science is all there is and while theology may have little to contribute to science, good theology needs to embrace the facts of science. PZ's somewhat emotional conclusions:And look! Their exclusivity runs the other way, too!
Archbishop Gianfranco Ravasi, president of the Pontifical Council for Culture, said the other extreme of the evolution debate -- proponents of an overly scientific conception of evolution and natural selection -- also were not invited.
It seems that in PZ's world, religion can never 'win', either religion denies science and needs to be rejected or it embraces science and should be rejected for playing an obvious game of propaganda. So is there any middle ground where religion is allowed to play? Given the fact that many if not most people hold to a personal faith and worldview, it seems rather harsh to suggest that their embrace of science is just an act of propaganda rather than a well informed and meaningful embrace of the place of science within religious faith. One may reject religious faith as foolish lies, and I have no problem with such a position, but should one also not accept that religious faith for many plays a much different role than the one stereotyped here?Scientists who willingly participate in this obvious game of propaganda are not helping science at all -- they are simply selling sectarian Catholic dogma by adding a false luster of rationalism to a body of rank nonsense. The Vatican is asking for a façade of superficially presented science and an illusion of selectivity to make their lies and fantasies look specially favored by the scientific community ... and they have even admitted that scientists who reject their teleology and their doctrines and their lunatic beliefs will not be permitted to question.
— PZ Myers
52 Comments
Joe Felsenstein · 18 September 2008
It seems that the import is even greater, and more positive, than you say. After Cardinal Schoenborn's pro-ID outburst two years ago it out was possible to conclude that this was done with tacit approval from the very top, and was a signal from the Vatican. The new Pope's position was not easy to discern. Since then the Pope has been careful not to align himself with ID, except to maintain the usual Catholic position of a divine origin of the human soul. This congress seems to be more aggressively rejecting ID and creationism. The other shoe is in the process of dropping, fortunately in the right way.
Every evolutionary biologist ought to feel relief, no matter how little they personally identify with the Catholic Church. Imagine what would happen if the Church concluded that ID should be part of its position. Would hundreds of millions of Catholics worldwide then feel pressure to advocate for ID? Imagine the resulting uproar.
Zeno · 18 September 2008
The loudest Catholic voices in the United States belong to the EWTN broadcasting system and Bill Donohue of the Catholic League. These people do their best to give the impression that Catholicism in America is an arch-conservative monolith, all the while wringing their hands because too many Catholics nevertheless insist on voting for Democrats and liberal social policies. EWTN even promotes Alan Keyes and Peggy Noonan as if they are representative of Catholic thought in the U.S. Certainly not to the degree they wish.
Although Benedict XVI had edged away from his predecessor's bald statement that evolution is "more than a hypothesis," the current pope is at pains to avoid being co-opted by any specific outside organization. While the Discovery Institute may have gotten cozy with Cardinal Schönborn, Benedict keeps them at arm's length. When you get right down to it, the Church has learned painful lessons about trying to exercise its arbitrary authority in domains where it cannot make it stick. The Galileo affair left scars. Thus Rome enforces a studied neutralism on science questions in general (with notable exceptions for dogmatic pronouncements on sex and birth control) and the Discovery Institute is left courting the Catholic laity and less significant clerics.
Official Church teaching on evolution is that faithful Catholics can fully embrace natural selection and its implications so long as they do not argue that the human soul evolved. That has to be considered the free gift of God to the first humans (a literal Adam and Eve, whose antecedents are best not examined too closely). Catholics assume that God supervises evolutionary processes and thus embrace a theistic evolution whose specifics are mostly quite vague. It's not a particularly scientific view, but it's not a particularly anti-scientific one either. (In fact, it's irrelevant in the laboratory, where Catholic scientists -- including Jesuits -- work away blithely within the framework of the modern synthesis.)
I understand why PZ mocks the Vatican's conference on evolution (especially that goofy caveat about "overly scientific" views), but it has positive aspects if it isolates a big fat influential body like the Catholic Church from the intelligent design lobby. The Discovery Institute can weep and gnash their teeth.
Mike of Oz · 18 September 2008
Bobby · 18 September 2008
Flipper · 18 September 2008
David B. · 18 September 2008
There is what you believe, and what you can prove. Most of religion falls in the former, most of science in the latter.
Just about any claim you could make about a being of infinite power and ability is unfalsifiable, and hence non-scientific, but this doesn't automatically make it wrong. Many atheists, myself included, don't think we have disproved there is a god, we just don't believe in one. Other people do, and for a variety of reasons, ones they obviously find convincing.
That something does not come with objective evidence does not make it untrue, it makes it unproven, "absence of evidence" and all that. What a given individual believes is not particularly important to me, it is what they want me to believe I want to see evidence for.
PZ Meyers and Dawkins may be of the opinion that believing something while not being able to show evidence of it is somehow deranged, loopy or otherwise irrational, but this smacks more of Scientism than science. And Meyers' attack on those scientists attending is just 'poisoning the well', it would have perhaps been better to wait for the delegates to actually say something before criticising it.
Meyers describes the Catholic position as "lies", "fantasies" and "lunatic beliefs", but I fail to see how making opinionated rants about religion is "helping science" any more than attending the congress. Does he think all scientists must also be atheists? Or that belief in a god automatically invalidates a scientist's conclusions?
David B. · 18 September 2008
"Meyers"?! (Note to self, pay more attention when using spell-checker.)
wut · 18 September 2008
"proponents of an overly scientific conception of evolution and natural selection – also were not invited"
In other words, actual scientists doing actual science were not invited?
Eric · 18 September 2008
Ginger Yellow · 18 September 2008
I think PZ is wrong about the overall impact of the conference, but he's right about its absurdity. It's extraordinarily arrogant for the Vatican to claim that creationism (or even ID, for that matter), simply don't count as theology or philosophy. It's one thing to say they're really bad theology/philosophy, but to dismiss them altogether is unjustifiable.
Furthermore, how can you start by saying "Charles Darwin’s work is still too often discussed more in ideological terms than in the scientific ones which were his true intention" (ignoring for the moment that evolution isn't "Charles Darwin's work) and then go on to complain about and exclude "overly scientific" concepts of evolution?
And I don't buy the argument that he's talking about philosophical naturalism, given that the Vatican has consistently used the terms "scientism" and "scientistic" to describe and berate that position. See for instance, Pope JP II's 1998 encyclical: "Another threat to be reckoned with is scientism. This is the philosophical notion which refuses to admit the validity of forms of knowledge other than those of the positive sciences; and it relegates religious, theological, ethical and aesthetic knowledge to the realm of mere fantasy."
Joe Shelby · 18 September 2008
Well, my only problem with this is what the ID crowd will do when the results are done. Even though the most the Catholics will come up with is a more refined definition of Theistic Evolution so they can go "see, we're pro-science!", I fully expect there to be plenty of gems that the ID crowd will quote-mine in order to make it seem that the Catholic Church is really pro-ID. This will give them new weapons to be used to pull Catholics into union with their evangelical base at the local political level.
I really can't see this doing any good. Moderates will ignore it and carry on. Conservative Catholics can ignore it because within 4 months, someone else in the Vatican will produce a document that totally contradicts it (as has happened in the other direction constantly since Benedict was elected). And American Catholics will either ignore it, or be fooled into pro-ID positions by the quote-miners (something already happening to several Catholic friends of mine, unaware that ID and theistic evolution are utterly separate ideologies).
iml8 · 18 September 2008
Eric Finn · 18 September 2008
stevaroni · 18 September 2008
Wheels · 18 September 2008
Wait, the Vatican flinched at admitting an old earth? Or what?
eric · 18 September 2008
John Kwok · 18 September 2008
Hi all,
Sounds as though scientists like Richard Dawkins would be excluded from this conference. Instead, I suspect that they would invite the likes of Francisco J. Ayala and Francis Collins, among others. Does anyone know who has been invited?
Thanks,
John
stevaroni · 18 September 2008
David Fickett-Wilbar · 18 September 2008
PvM · 18 September 2008
David Fickett-Wilbar · 18 September 2008
Wheels · 18 September 2008
Befuddled Theorist · 18 September 2008
Seems that the Catholic Church approves of Evolution - as long as you aren't an atheist. Then it's Just Wrong. How's that for solving Scientific Debate?
What we can expect from the Congress will not differ from Theological Evolution, and is already written in church Law. What the Catholic Church plans to achieve from this Congress seems questionable.
Look up Fr. George Coyne on the internet for an example of Pope Benedict's track record.
In the past, Pope Benedict XVI has stated that the universe was made by an "Intelligent Project", and criticized those who, in the name of Science, say things have no direction or order.
An Austrian Cardinal, Christoph Schoenborn dismissed previous Pope, John Paul II's opinion that Evolution was "more than just a Hypothesis" by stating John Paul II was "rather vague and unimportant". Cardinal Schoenborn studied at University of Regensburg, in Regensburg, in Bavaria, Germany under Fr. Joseph Ratzinger (later Pope Benedict XVI) who was a professor there in 1969-1977.
Fr. George Coyne dismissed Intelligent Design as merely a "Religious Movement", and lacked scientific merit. And was replaced by Pope Benedict XVI in 2006 as director of the Vatican Observatory. This was then seen as punitive at the time, but now is recorded as merely coincidental.
Pope Benedict XVI has emphasized what he sees as a need for Europe (world) to return to fundamental Christian values in response to increasing de-Christianisation and secularization. He has proclaimed relativism's (presumably in contrast to absolutism) denial of objective truth as the central problem of the 21st century.
The following is interpreted from Catholic Magisterium:
The Theory of Evolution must rest on a Theistic Foundation. Any denial of a personal Creator is materialistic and atheistic, and is in contradistinction. The Christian theory of evolution also demands a creative act for the origin of the human soul, since the soul cannot have its origin in matter. The atheistic theory of evolution, on the contrary, rejects the assumption of a soul separate from matter, and thereby sinks into blank materialism.
Darwinism and the theory of evolution are by no means equivalent conceptions. Darwinism expanded a previously proposed Theory of Evolution by attempting to explain the origin of species by means of Natural Selection. As a theory, it is scientifically inadequate, since it does not account for the origin of attributes fitted to the purpose, which must be referred back to the interior, original causes of evolution. The application of Natural Selection to Man is impossible to accept. Darwinism frequently stands, in popular usage, for the theory of evolution in general. This use of the word rests on an evident confusion of ideas, and must therefore be set aside.
To what extent is the theory of evolution applicable to man? That God should have made use of natural, evolutionary, original causes in the production of man's body, is per se not improbable, and was propounded by St. Augustine (see AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO, SAINT, under V. Augustinism in History). The actual proofs of the descent of man's body from animals is, however, inadequate, especially in respect to paleontology. And the human soul could not have been derived through natural evolution from that of the brute, since it is of a spiritual nature; for which reason we must refer its origin to a creative act on the part of God.
Naked Bunny with a Whip · 18 September 2008
Does he think all scientists must also be atheists? Or that belief in a god automatically invalidates a scientist’s conclusions?
Wow, if only there were a way to determine the answers to these questions! Hmm. Well, I guess it'll just have to remain a mystery. Perhaps the RCC can convene a council to make up an answer. They can invite PvM to chair it.
Bleh.
Sorry, I get a little tired of people trashing PZ just because he's actually consistent in his reasoning. I'm glad he doesn't give irrationality a pass just because it's big and organized. I attempt to approach life with a similar sort of consistency, so I suppose his approach resonates with me. Regardless, because of that consistency, I'm certainly not going to ask that PvM stop beating up on PZ for not respecting people who won't grow up and face reality, so I will just remove myself instead.
Eric · 18 September 2008
PvM · 18 September 2008
PvM · 18 September 2008
MattusMaximus · 18 September 2008
Note to Disco Institute... PWNAGE!!! :)
Are the ID-creationists now going to vent their spleens that the Roman Catholic Church has been infiltrated by godless atheists?
I, too, cannot wait to see how the Ben Stein's of the world react to being 'expelled' by the RCC.
Henry J · 18 September 2008
Oh, they'll probably be miffed that the Catholics will have nun of them.
Michael J · 18 September 2008
I'm surprised that anybody is surprised at the Vatican's position. Creationism in Christianity is an American disease and I would think that most catholic's worldwide accept evolution.
I think that what they are doing is good as they will end up with an unambiguous position on evolution and theology and people like O'Leary will be officially on the outer and can not pretend that the Church supports ID.
iml8 · 18 September 2008
Among the Jack Chick Fundamentalists the Catholics are
a Satanic plot anyway. Chick once wrote a book claiming
that the Catholics invented both Islam and Mormonism to
further their evil plan.
White Rabbit (Greg Goebel) http://www.vectorsite.net/gblog.html
Henry J · 18 September 2008
Wheels · 18 September 2008
FL · 19 September 2008
PvM · 19 September 2008
Dale Husband · 19 September 2008
Dale Husband · 19 September 2008
ben · 19 September 2008
iml8 · 19 September 2008
ben · 19 September 2008
FL · 19 September 2008
Kevin B · 19 September 2008
Eric · 19 September 2008
Science Avenger · 19 September 2008
Dale Husband · 19 September 2008
PvM · 19 September 2008
John Farrell · 19 September 2008
For anyone interested in what science will be discussed at the conference, here's a sample from the Program:
Rome, 3-7 marzo 2009
Tuesday 3 March 2009
First Session: The Facts that we Know
09:00 a.m. Addresses of the Authorities
10:00 a.m. Paleontological Evidences (Conway Morris)
10:45 a.m. Bio-Molecular Evidences (Werner Arber)
11:25 a.m. Coffee Break
11:55 a.m. Taxonomic Issues (Douglas J. Futuyma)
12:35 p.m. Discussion
01:30 p.m. End of the Session and Lunch
Second Session: Evolutionary Mechanisms I
03:30 p.m. History of the Evolution Theories (Jean Gayon)
04:15 p.m. The Standard Theory (Francisco Ayala)
05:00 p.m. Tea Time
05:30 p.m. Symbiosis (Lynn Margulis)
06:15 p.m. The Speciation Problem (Jeffrey L. Feder)
07:00 p.m. Discussion
07:30 p.m. End of the Session and Dinner
Wednesday 4 March
Third Session: Evolutionary Mechanisms II
9:00 a.m. Evo-Devo (Scott Gilbert)
09:45 a.m. Complexity and Evolution (Stuart Kauffman)
10:25 a.m. Coffee Break
10:55 a.m. Evolution and Environment (Robert Ulanowicz)
11:35 a.m. Title to be defined (Stuart A. Newman)
12:15 p.m. Discussion
1.00 p.m. End of the Session and Lunch
Not exactly lightweights in their respective fields.
Conference home page is here.
PvM · 19 September 2008
Holey Smoke (pardon the pun)
That's quite a conference, including some of the more controversial people as well as some of the leading minds. I will reformat your posting to better show the flow.
Thanks
PvM · 19 September 2008
James F · 19 September 2008
I echo PvM's sentiments. I was expecting more of a philosophy conference, but this roster is worthy of high-level scientific conference. Quite a few folks renowned for blowing ID and creationism out of the water, too. Excellent.
tresmal · 20 September 2008
Has there been any reaction from the ID crowd to this snub?
Tyrannosaurus · 25 September 2008
Well for the Disco and the ID sycophants Catholics are not "christians". That will be their way out to keep the kooks fundamentalists under the fold. After all the fundies are the ones that dominate the shouting matches in the so-called public discourse in the US.