The continued confusion of Casey Luskin

Posted 31 October 2007 by

In other words, the flagellar machine itself indicates that it did not arise by a random and unguided process like Darwinian evolution, but rather arose by a non-random and intelligently directed process such as intelligent design.

Source: Evolution News Blog, Principled (not Rhetorical) Reasons Why ID Doesn’t Identify the Designer (Part 1) Let's carefully analyze this statement. What is intelligent design? It is the set theoretic complement of the disjunction regularity-or-chance. In other words, that which remains when science cannot explain how something arose via processes of regularity and chance. In other words, Luskin basically describes the definition of design. However, in order to reach a true design inference, one has to take the step towards agency. It is in that step where ID fails miserably, and even though ID proponents like Dembski warned about confusing design with agency, Luskin seems to not have gotten the memo.

Before I proceed, however, I note that Dembski makes an important concession to his critics. He refuses to make the second assumption noted above. When the EF implies that certain systems are intelligently designed, Dembski does not think it follows that there is some intelligent designer or other. He says that, “even though in practice inferring design is the first step in identifying an intelligent agent, taken by itself design does not require that such an agent be posited. The notion of design that emerges from the design inference must not be confused with intelligent agency” (TDI, 227, my emphasis).

Source: Ryan Nichols, Scientific content, testability, and the vacuity of Intelligent Design theory, The American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly, 2003 ,vol. 77 ,no 4 ,pp. 591 - 611 As Elsberry has shown, given Dembski’s logic, natural selection matches his definition of an intelligent designer. Once again we notice how ID fails to distinguish between apparent and actual design. And since ID refuses to propose positive hypotheses, it is thus doomed to be unable to deal with the issue of apparent versus actual design in any scientifically relevant manner. Now I understand why ID takes a 'principled' stance on avoiding to identify its designer Dembski explains:

As for your example, I’m not going to take the bait. You’re asking me to play a game: “Provide as much detail in terms of possible causal mechanisms for your ID position as I do for my Darwinian position.” ID is not a mechanistic theory, and it’s not ID’s task to match your pathetic level of detail in telling mechanistic stories. If ID is correct and an intelligence is responsible and indispensable for certain structures, then it makes no sense to try to ape your method of connecting the dots. True, there may be dots to be connected. But there may also be fundamental discontinuities, and with IC systems that is what ID is discovering.”

And that is why Intelligent Design is scientifically vacuous. Just ask yourself, how does ID explain the bacterial flagella? It doesn't. And since science has provided scientific pathways, ID needs to show that these explanations fail their explanatory filter before they can infer 'design'. Merely claiming that science's explanation is insufficient, does not resolve the issue. To recap, ID uses a very minimal definition of 'design' which does not even address the issue of agence, as Del Ratzsch points out

“I do not wish to play down or denigrate what Dembski has done. There is much of value in the Design Inference. But I think that some aspects of even the limited task Dembski set for himself still remains to be tamed.” “That Dembski is not employing the robust, standard, agency-derived conception of design that most of his supporters and many of his critics have assumed seems clear. Del Ratzsch Nature design and science

In other words, the real reason ID refuses to identify its designer is because it lacks the tools to infer 'agency', all ID can claim is 'design' but that's just admitting that science has not found an explanation. Remember that complexity is just the negative base to logarithm of the probability that the system arose via a particular natural pathway. So if a natural, intelligently designed, pathway can be found, the probability will be close to one and the complexity will disappear, countering the design inference. It thus seems self evident that the concept of design as defined by ID is one or more of the following 1. The empty set 2. Our ignorance 3. The supernatural In addition to these equivocations on terminology, ID also uses such words as 'unguided'. But what does unguided mean in the case of evolution where selective processes as well as boundary conditions and other constraints do in fact 'guide' the processes. To argue that evolutionary processes are random and unguided may be rhetorically powerful but hardly principled. Now remember what Dembski said about intelligently directed processes

The principal characteristic of intelligent causation is directed contingency, or what we call choice. Whenever an intelligent cause acts, it chooses from a range of competing possibilities.

But directed contingency is exactly the outcome of evolutionary processes. Once again, the step from detecting design to inferring agency falls short of its promises. And this is why ID fails, scientifically to be relevant, it just has redefined design to be our ignorance and hopes that its supporters will fail to see the flaws and jump to a principled inference of a Designer, which we all know is the Christian God. To devout Christians such a jump is almost intuitive and thus they may not notice the scientific flaws. Once you understand the logical flaws underlying the ID argument, any claims that ID does not identify the designer are true and are also why ID remains scientifically irrelevant. Thus any initiatives to have ID taught in school are founded on other reasons or motivations than scientific ones. And thus we return to the Wedge document which outlines the true motives of introducing ID into public schools. Teach the controversy I say. And anytime you hear that ID has made a particular prediction, you know now that it cannot be founded on the principle of the explanatory filter and thus ID has to appeal to secondary sources for its so called predictions. Most of the time, these secondary sources are found to be religious in nature. Such as the claim that ID predicted that Junk DNA would have some function. This is a 'prediction' which cannot logically follow from ID first principles and thus has to have a secondary source. This source is quickly identified as Christianity; the idea that a Creator would not create wastefully.

118 Comments

Mike O'Risal · 31 October 2007

A question arises for IDolators based upon this strongly logical analysis. When the "design inference" and "complexity" negate one another, then what's left?

I personally can't see anything remaining but the conclusion that "intelligent design" is a rhetorical device. Is there something I'm missing in the product of this negation?

(Note: quotes are used above because the terms are used in an idosynchratic manner)

Stanton · 31 October 2007

And yet, the Discovery Institute continues to react with great aghast whenever someone points out that Intelligent Design isn't science.

Nigel D · 31 October 2007

PvM, your logic is powerful, but I suspect it may be too subtle for our regular trolls. Prepare to be quote-mined.

CJO · 31 October 2007

When the “design inference” and “complexity” negate one another, then what’s left?

"The Logos theology of the Gospel of John restated in the idiom of Information Theory."

PvM · 31 October 2007

Nigel D: PvM, your logic is powerful, but I suspect it may be too subtle for our regular trolls. Prepare to be quote-mined.
I'd love to be quote mined. What better opportunity than that to show the vacuity of the opponent's arguments?

Venus Mousetrap · 31 October 2007

PvM: I... love... the opponent's arguments

fnxtr · 31 October 2007

"Your logic was impeccable, Captain, we are in grave danger."

Erasmus, FCD · 31 October 2007

I'd.. love... better... arguments.

This is fun!!!

All Science So Far!!!

bjm · 31 October 2007

I'd..love...better..opponents

Venus Mousetrap · 31 October 2007

by creationist rules you /are/ allowed to insert words of your own choice, but that's only if you're playing in Easy mode, and is disallowed in tournament quote mining. However skilled players can achieve almost the same result with the square brackets. which ruleset are we playing here?

Torbjörn Larsson, OM · 31 October 2007

science cannot explain how something arose via processes of regularity and chance.
PvM once again author a post criticizing the very core of evilutionism. [Hah! My pub-jack beats quote-mining and word insertion every time. *And* I get an extra afterlife.]

Frank J · 31 October 2007

Just ask yourself, how does ID explain the bacterial flagella? It doesn’t.

— PvM
Not only does ID refuse to explain it in terms of a rough, testable outline of how the first one might have formed, they refuse to even say approximately when the first flagellum appeared, or whether the organism that possessed it was a direct descentant of a flagellum-free organism or arose by abiogenesis (Behe at least indirectly admits the former). In fact, I have yet to see an IDer give a straight answer as to whether the first flagellum was indeed the product of a design actuation event.

bornagain77 · 31 October 2007

Hmmm, No predictions from ID,,scientifically vacuous? Is that really right or is to proud to admit evolution is empirically bankrupt?,,,HMMMM,,,I think you guys may find the following a little uncomfortable.

Edge of Evolution I found to be amazing. It presented a case history of a eukaryote (P.falciparum) that has replicated billions of trillions of times within a span of a few decades. More importantly this is one of the most well studied organisms in biology due to its huge toll on human lives. In the last decade we’ve gone beyond phenotype analysis of the bug and have completely sequenced its genotype. This represents the largest test of evolution that we can hope to observe. The result of random mutation + natural selection being given billions of trillions of opportunities to generate significant novel biological complexity was essentially nil. Except for biochemically (but medically important) trivial changes in genotype the bug went exactly nowhere. It’s still the same old P.falciparum as its great grandparents billions of trillions of generations removed. It neither progressed nor regressed in an evolutionary sense.

All the negative reviews I’ve read of EoE nitpick at minutae while dodging the big picture. The big picture is that P.falciparum under intense scrutiny for billions of trillions of generations did exactly what ID theorists predicted - next to nothing. In contrast the ID deniers tell us over and over that the same evolutionary mechanism (RM+NS), in orders of magnitude fewer generations, turned a lizard into a lemur. Of course that’s a wholly imaginary story because the transformation of reptiles into mammals took hundreds of millions of years so can’t be confirmed by genotype observation. All we have is phenotype evidence based on fossils. Clearly *something* caused the transformation from reptile to mammal but I’ve yet to see any reasonable explanation for the observed failure of P.faciparum to evolve while somehow the same mechanism with fewer opportunities is imagined to have caused reptiles to evolve into mammals. Non sequitur!

Did you catch this part:
The big picture is that P.falciparum under intense scrutiny for billions of trillions of generations did exactly what ID theorists predicted.

Seems like this is a direct prediction from Dembski's work on Conservation of Information and Behe's work on Irreducible Complexity...

Or did evolution somehow predict no evolution occurring?

I think I missed that prediction from the ever flexible theory of "can't be falsified" evolution.

Glen Davidson · 31 October 2007

Huh, isn't it bizarre that a parasite which is adapted to humans and mosquitos, neither of which has changed much over the last hundred years, hasn't changed radically? Let's see, it's evolved quite enough to make several of our medicines inoperative, but because it's still well-adapted to its hosts, that supposedly tells against evolution.

Botchedagain77, your ignorance is appalling, and keeping with the Halloween theme, really a bit scary (thanks to your desire to impose nonsense upon a free society).

Glen D
http://tinyurl.com/2kxyc7

Richard Simons · 31 October 2007

The big picture is that P.falciparum under intense scrutiny for billions of trillions of generations . . .
By my calculations, if P. falciparum has one generation per second (surely a trifle excessive) a billion trillion generations would take 31,688,087,814,029 years. Perhaps you might like to revise your estimate of the age of the Earth?

SunSpiker · 31 October 2007

bornagain77: All the negative reviews I’ve read of EoE nitpick at minutae while dodging the big picture. The big picture is that P.falciparum under intense scrutiny for billions of trillions of generations did exactly what ID theorists predicted - next to nothing.
Are you saying that a testable hypothesis for ID is "no species change over the course of time" ? Is that what you are implying, 'cause if it is then ID has been falsified, we all know this is not true. Or are you saying that ID predicts that only some species will not change over time? Then how does ID account for the species that do? And where did you get the idea that evolution says that every species must change ? Rates of change vary, all the way down to 0

PvM · 1 November 2007

SunSpiker:
bornagain77: All the negative reviews I’ve read of EoE nitpick at minutae while dodging the big picture. The big picture is that P.falciparum under intense scrutiny for billions of trillions of generations did exactly what ID theorists predicted - next to nothing.
Are you saying that a testable hypothesis for ID is "no species change over the course of time" ? Is that what you are implying, 'cause if it is then ID has been falsified, we all know this is not true. Or are you saying that ID predicts that only some species will not change over time? Then how does ID account for the species that do? And where did you get the idea that evolution says that every species must change ? Rates of change vary, all the way down to 0
SunSpiker:
bornagain77: All the negative reviews I’ve read of EoE nitpick at minutae while dodging the big picture. The big picture is that P.falciparum under intense scrutiny for billions of trillions of generations did exactly what ID theorists predicted - next to nothing.
Are you saying that a testable hypothesis for ID is "no species change over the course of time" ? Is that what you are implying, 'cause if it is then ID has been falsified, we all know this is not true. Or are you saying that ID predicts that only some species will not change over time? Then how does ID account for the species that do? And where did you get the idea that evolution says that every species must change ? Rates of change vary, all the way down to 0
Excellent response. Of course, when looking more detail at the falciparum, it did evolve, just not to the extent the creationists believe it should have. What a crock indeed.

PvM · 1 November 2007

Widespread use of antimalarial agents can profoundly influence the evolution of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Recent selective sweeps for drug-resistant genotypes may have restricted the genetic diversity of this parasite, resembling effects attributed in current debates1, 2, 3, 4 to a historic population bottleneck. Chloroquine-resistant (CQR) parasites were initially reported about 45 years ago from two foci in southeast Asia and South America5, but the number of CQR founder mutations and the impact of chlorquine on parasite genomes worldwide have been difficult to evaluate. Using 342 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers from a genetic map6, here we show that the level of genetic diversity varies substantially among different regions of the parasite genome, revealing extensive linkage disequilibrium surrounding the key CQR gene pfcrt7 and at least four CQR founder events. This disequilibrium and its decay rate in the pfcrt-flanking region are consistent with strong directional selective sweeps occurring over only approx20–80 sexual generations, especially a single resistant pfcrt haplotype spreading to very high frequencies throughout most of Asia and Africa. The presence of linkage disequilibrium provides a basis for mapping genes under drug selection in P. falciparum

Bob O'H · 1 November 2007

It presented a case history of a eukaryote (P.falciparum) that has replicated billions of trillions of times within a span of a few decades.
The big picture is that P.falciparum under intense scrutiny for billions of trillions of generations
"billions of trillions"? That would be more than 10^21. i.e. something "beyond the edge of evolution" would have happened more than 10 times. If you're going to plagarise someone else, DaveScot is not a wise choice. We laughed at his hyperbole the first time. Bob

ellazimm · 1 November 2007

Sorry, I couldn't resist pointing out that Casey made have tipped his hand a bit regarding who the designer is when he wrote: "the structures themselves have no way of directly telling us whether the designer is Yahweh, Buddha, Yoda, or some other type of intelligent agency." I hate to speculate on Mr Luskin's views on the Star Wars films but the idea of the intelligent designer being a puppet was just too funny to pass up.

Okay, you can go back to arguing with bornagain77, (s)he doesn't seem to understand what natural selection and being well adapted to your environment really mean.

Frank J · 1 November 2007

I find it fascianting that Bornagain77 posted 2 hr after my comment 133609, yet ignored it even though it was the last post, in plain view. I would have expected at least an attempt at denail of my claims. I see no reply to SunSpiker's 133638 either.

Mike O'Risal · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: Edge of Evolution I found to be amazing. It presented a case history of a eukaryote (P.falciparum) that has replicated billions of trillions of times within a span of a few decades. More importantly this is one of the most well studied organisms in biology due to its huge toll on human lives. In the last decade we’ve gone beyond phenotype analysis of the bug and have completely sequenced its genotype. This represents the largest test of evolution that we can hope to observe. The result of random mutation + natural selection being given billions of trillions of opportunities to generate significant novel biological complexity was essentially nil. Except for biochemically (but medically important) trivial changes in genotype the bug went exactly nowhere. It’s still the same old P.falciparum as its great grandparents billions of trillions of generations removed. It neither progressed nor regressed in an evolutionary sense.
Is that really true? I wonder what your thoughts are on the chitinase that this organism uses to enter the mosquito midgut. There's something very special about it that isn't seen in any other chitinase, but I'm not going to tell you what it is other than it suggests significant adaptation and that the genetic sequence that produces the enzyme can otherwise be matched against a series of other Apicomplexans' chitinases such that gradual change generated by mutation can absolutely be noted. In fact, while we're on the subject — since I have recently become a fellow fan of the Gregarines due to some research I've embarked upon — I wonder what your opinion is on the four Eugregarine series that are found in Tenebrio molitor and that they occupy different stadia during the insect's life cycle. As you've got such a strong opinion on the subject of Plasmodia, you must already have looked into these things for yourself as opposed to simply accepting uncritically the opinion of the author of a mass market book that hasn't gone through any sort of peer review. If not, can I interest you in some very nice swamp land in Florida, cheap?

Torbjörn Larsson, OM · 1 November 2007

Probably not going to be bornagain78:
Edge of Evolution I found to be amazing. It presented a case history of a eukaryote (P.falciparum)
... and in spite of that Behe is supposed to be an expert in biochemistry he doesn't know that his promoted case lacks the IFT protein system he claims functioning cilium requires. Truly amazing.
It’s still the same old P.falciparum as its great grandparents billions of trillions of generations removed.
Neither you nor DaveScot can distinguish between replication of individuals and of generations. How are you two supposed to understand the first thing of biology? And one may worry what else about sexual replication creationists don't (want to) understand. Perhaps no more bornagain. [Sorry, it is your inappropriate handle - I couldn't help myself. :-P] Btw, where did you get the impression that functional traits need to change, except from your own strawman of the great chain of being? The flagella and cilia of our own cells is still the same old functional trait as its great grandparents many generations removed. If you happen to find some sperm in some indefinite future, you can take a look under the microscope. [I'm sure the biologists here can help you with a fixation and perhaps staining technique for the view if it happens to be non-trivial.]

Mike O'Risal · 1 November 2007

Torbjörn Larsson, OM: If you happen to find some sperm in some indefinite future, you can take a look under the microscope.
Thanks for that image so early in my morning. "Oh look... someone left some sperm lying around!" Talk about bad housekeeping.

Nigel D · 1 November 2007

Once again, Bornagain77 aka Bond James Bond is displaying his ignorance and lack of rational thought for all the world to see.

Hmmm, No predictions from ID,

— Bornagain77
Yes, that's right, it makes no predictions. Proving this wrong would be easy: supply me with a specific predition based on ID theory. The fact that you've never done this suggests that you cannot.

,scientifically vacuous?

Yes, meaning ID has no scientific content. It is purely speculation, and not particularly logical speculation at that. Its only support comes from arguments from ignorance, arguments from personal incredulity, ill-informed and illogical attacks on modern evolutionary theory (MET) and non-sequiturs. Again, proving this wrong would be easy: what is the scientific "theory" of ID?

Is that really right

Yes it is. If you disagree, I have supplied two ways in which you can prove it wrong.

or is to proud to admit evolution is empirically bankrupt?,,,HMMMM,,

Hahahahahahahahaha! Sometimes you crack me up. MET is supported by more evidence than you can conceive of. There are more papers published in the scientific literature that, directly or indirectly, report evidence that supports MET than you've had hot dinners. MET is as empirically healthy as it is possible for a scientific theory to be.

,I think you guys may find the following a little uncomfortable.

I'm quaking in my stylish-yet-affordable boots.

Edge of Evolution I found to be amazing.

Of this I have no doubt. I'm sure that anything comfirming your world view would amaze you, no matter how irrelevant to reality.

It presented a case history of a eukaryote (P.falciparum) that has replicated billions of trillions of times within a span of a few decades.

Oh, for goodness' sake, just think about what you are saying, dimwit! "Billions of trillions" is, as has been pointed out by others above, at least 4,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 times (I chose 4 hexillion as opposed to 1 hexillion to be able to justify the plural for both "billions" and "trillions"). In a "few decades" (I'll assume 5 decades for the purposes of illustration), that means more than 2 trillion generations per second. This is quite clearly utterly ludicrous. Don't you know that the life cycle of P. falciparum requires stages in different hosts? Didn't Behe mention that in his book? If he did, you obviously weren't paying it much attention. If he didn't, then he should have, because it is relevant.

More importantly this

More importantly than what? You haven't made a point yet.

is one of the most well studied organisms in biology due to its huge toll on human lives.

It's less studied than E. coli. Or zebrafish, mice, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, rats, frogs, chickens, Drosophila melanogaster, Arabidopsis thaliana, humans and several other organisms. What criteria do you use to claim it is "one of the most studied" organisms in biology?

In the last decade we’ve gone beyond phenotype analysis of the bug and have completely sequenced its genotype.

Big deal, we have scores or hundreds of genome sequences by now (unless you count viruses, in which case we have thousands).

This represents the largest test of evolution that we can hope to observe.

On what do you base this claim? The largest tests of evolution have already happened: observation of natural selection in progress; discovery of the mechanism of inheritance; discovery of the mechanisms by which variation spontaneously arises; discovery of transitional forms in the fossil record.

The result of random mutation + natural selection being given billions of trillions of opportunities to generate significant novel biological complexity was essentially nil.

This is nonsense. Your numbers are way off. In 50 years, P. falciparum might pass through 1000 generations (assuming an average of 20 per year, which I think may be a bit generous). In that time, it has diversified into distinct sub-types. There are different mechanisms of resistance to the drugs we use.

Except for biochemically (but medically important) trivial changes in genotype the bug went exactly nowhere.

Who are you to decide what is or isn't a trivial change? Some of those changes are significant biochemically as well as medically. What do you think the basis of anti-malarial therapy is? (Hint: it is biochemical). How does this compare with the amount of change you would expect to see in less than 1000 generations? Why would you expect to see a parasite evolving significantly faster than its hosts anyway? What benefit is there for a successful parasite to kill off its hosts?

It’s still the same old P.falciparum as its great grandparents

Not by any reasonable set of definitions, it isn't.

billions of trillions of generations removed. It neither progressed nor regressed in an evolutionary sense.

MET makes no mention of "progress" or "regression". It deals with ancestral and derived features, speciation and the mechanisms whereby they arise. What do you mean by these two new terms?

All the negative reviews I’ve read of EoE nitpick at minutae while dodging the big picture.

Except that they don't. Behe's core assumptions are wrong. He ignores (or tries to dismiss as "trivial") relevant data, and his logic is faulty. Where are the minutiae in this set of criticisms? If we were criticising his punctuation, then I could accept your assertion. That would be nit-picking at minutiae. All of the criticisms I have read of EoE deal with Behe's core arguments, his faulty logic, his baseless dismissal of crucial data and his faulty premises.

The big picture is that P.falciparum under intense scrutiny for billions of trillions of generations did exactly what ID theorists predicted - next to nothing.

This is a lie. Not only are your figures (and hence expectations) hopelessly off, but ID proponents have made no such predictions. Of course, if I'm wrong, proving that would be easy. Supply the reference in which the prediction was published.

In contrast the ID deniers tell us over and over that the same evolutionary mechanism (RM+NS), in orders of magnitude fewer generations, turned a lizard into a lemur.

Strawman! Not only is the exact number of generations not particularly relevant (what matters is the action of selection pressure, because sometimes, in the absence of selection pressure, an organism's morphology will remain mostly unchanged for several hundred thousand generations), but your initial figures were so far off that the comparison is actually the other way around. Additionally, your portrayal of the claims of MET are wrong. Go to Talk Origins and read up on vertebrate evolution. You claim that lemurs arose from modern lizards. That is plain wrong. The ancestral genera that gave rise to class Mammalia bore features that resemble the identifying features of both reptiles and mammals. Thus, it possessed very much a set of ancestral features, as opposed to derived features. It would have resembled a modern lizard no more than it resembles a modern lemur.

Of course that’s a wholly imaginary story

Supported by more evidence than you could understand.

because the transformation of reptiles into mammals

Same strawman. The ancestral organisms would have been transitional between primitive bony fish (their ancestors) and reptiles and mammals (their descendents).

took hundreds of millions of years

Where do you get this figure from? It may have occurred over about 100 million years (part of the Permian and most of the Triassic), but that is still a huge amount of time.

so can’t be confirmed by genotype observation.

Aside from the fact that the descendents of those species (modern reptiles, birds and mammals) all have certain sets of genes in common, some of which are not shared by fish.

All we have is phenotype evidence based on fossils.

Which, in and of itself, is actually pretty convincing. Were you trying to make a point?

Clearly *something* caused the transformation from reptile to mammal

Yes, simply the fact that certain variations conferred an advantage. This is known as natural selection.

but I’ve yet to see any reasonable explanation for the observed failure of P.faciparum to evolve

This is not an observation, it is your claim, and it is wrong.

while somehow the same mechanism with fewer opportunities

Or, in fact, many hundred thousand times as many opportunities, because your figures were wrong.

is imagined to have caused reptiles to evolve into mammals. Non sequitur!

Haha! How very amusing that you accuse MET of logical flaws, but didn't do something as simple as checking the figures on which your entire blather is based.

Did you catch this part: The big picture is that P.falciparum under intense scrutiny for billions of trillions of generations did exactly what ID theorists predicted.

Yes, I caught this part. It is the biggest lie of all. No ID "theorist" (and there's an oxymoron for you!) has ever made a specific prediction using the published tools of ID.

Seems like this is a direct prediction from Dembski’s work on Conservation of Information and Behe’s work on Irreducible Complexity…

Or possibly a complete fabrication. Of course, proving me wrong weould be easy. Just supply the reference to the published prediction.

Or did evolution somehow predict no evolution occurring?

Now you are showing a severe lack of understanding of that which you attempt to criticise. MET allows for the rate of evolution to change in response to changing selection pressures. In fact, MET requires that the rate of evolution changes in response to changing environment and so forth. Over 1000 generations, I would not expect to see large changes in a parasite that has a significantly shorter generation time than one of its required hosts. 50 years is barely 2 human generations. Humans will hardly change at all in that time. The only selection pressure on Plasmodium is that which we have applied by chemotherapy (such as chloroquinone). And, oh, look, it has evolved several differing levels and mechanisms of CQ resistance. Exactly as predicted from first principles by MET.

I think I missed that prediction from the ever flexible theory of “can’t be falsified” evolution.

Probably because you weren't paying attention. Or didn't understand. Or dismissed it because it did not fit your world view. Bornagain77, your scholarship is abysmal. You logic is poor. Your lack of understanding of that which you criticise (MET) is unforgivable. Go away and learn some biology.

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

You guys ought to write a new children's book!

I'll take this last quote from Nigel;
. And, oh, look, it has evolved several differing levels and mechanisms of CQ resistance. Exactly as predicted from first principles by MET...

Hmm,,, it broke something to develop resistance,,,but hey its evolution baby,,,You better come up with some complexity boy!

Well isn't this sweet...Another fairy tale example of how evolution can explain anything!!! Will your new book be in the children's section Nigel?

A theory that can explain everything and be falsified by nothing, is not a scientific theory..It is mere conjecture from the imagination of men!

You see evolution where you want to see it, in the suggestive evidence of genetic similarities and fossil similarities, and don't see any evidence against it in the hard empirical evidence we now have, This is because you have already decided what the evidence must say prior to investigation and that evolution must be true!,,,but in all actuality, when push came to shove and evolution was given the opportunity to demonstrate its almighty power to develop complexity in reality,,,what did hard science find,,,Zilch-Nada-Zero complexity being developed....This is not just an anomaly for malaria and HIV, this is a pervasive phenomena throughout all mutational studies conducted on all life-forms (adaptations (such as antifreeze ) occurs when some preexisting system gets broke!),,,YET THE VERY BEDROCK of evolutionary theory states that fantastic complexity generation is common and happening all the time in all life forms ....Think about it,,,Look at all the amazing diversity of life around you! It is truly AWESOME!....Yet despite absolutely no hard "observed" scientific proof of complexity being generated,,,you go into the shadows of your imagination to develop a "Evolution will not happen when we are looking for it to happen theory"... Oh how fortunate, you now got a theory that explains why we find no evidence for the theory!!!....It would be absolutely funny if it weren't for the fact that you are de^ad serious, de^ad wrong and most likely spiritually de^ad in your soul.

WAKE UP!

this following song is just for you!

Evanesence - Wake Me Up Inside

http://www.myvideo.de/watch/172595

Please pay close attention to the lyric that says:

I've been living a lie!!
...I've been living a lie!!!

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

ID will predict that all adaptations from a parent species to a sub-species,or breed, will come at a loss of genetic diversity (and thus a loss of meaningful specified information) from parent species, and will also predict that the genetic diversity found in the entire range of sub-species will not exceed the genetic diversity found in the parent species. This also conforms to the foundational principle for biology of Genetic Entropy.

Confirmation in this study:
Tishkoff; Andrew Clark, Penn State; Kenneth Kidd, Yale University; Giovanni Destro-Bisol, University "La Sapienza," Rome, and Himla Soodyall and Trefor Jenkins, WITS University, South Africa, looked at three locations on DNA samples from 13 to 18 populations in Africa and 30 to 45 populations in the remainder of the world.

"We found an enormous amount of diversity within and between the African populations, and we found much less diversity in non-African populations," Tishkoff told attendees today (Jan. 22) at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Anaheim. "Only a small subset of the diversity in Africa is found in Europe and the Middle East, and an even narrower set is found in American Indians."

And confirmation in this study:

http://jhered.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/90/1/71.pdf

of special note:
Some sequences found in dogs were identical to those in wolves...
The sequence divergence within (breeds of) dogs was surprisingly large: the mean sequence divergence in dogs 2.06 + or - 0.07% was almost identical to the 2.10 + or - 0.04% (sequence divergence) found within wolves. (notice that sequence divergence is slightly smaller for dogs than for wolves)

Thus, Coupled with the diverse morphology of domesticated dogs and known hazards of dog breeding, this evidence strongly indicates "front loaded adaptations" for sub-species at a loss of information from parent species. Thus, this is genetic confirmation of the principle of Genetic Entropy for dogs from the parent species of wolves!

As well I would like to point out.

Low levels of genetic variation were detected in both subspecies, ..... Is the decline of desert bighorn sheep from infectious disease the result of low MHC ...
http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v99/n4/full/6801016a.html
I can't open the article (no subscription), but the description is clear, loss of diversity within subspecies, or breed, of sheep.

I was hoping to find better studies for the genetic diversity of parent and sub-species (breeds) of sheep, but at least this one study is conforming to the pattern of Genetic Entropy I've found so far in humans and dogs,,,

As well, this other study I found seems to indicate that the closer a sub-species is to a parent species the more robust it is and the more resistant to the problems of inbreeding. (A ID prediction from the theistic perspective!)
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/03/070309103157.htm
of particular note:
A Single male and female sheep maintain genetic diversity. A mouflon (sheep) population, bred over dozens of generations from a single male and female pair transplanted to Haute Island from a Parisian zoo, has maintained the genetic diversity of its founding parents.
This finding challenges the widely accepted theory of genetic drift, which states the genetic diversity of an inbred population will decrease over time.

"What is amazing is that mo^dels of genetic drift predict the genetic diversity of these animals should have been lost over time, but we've found that it has been maintained," said Dr. David Coltman, an evolutionary geneticist at the University of Alberta.

As well I found this study:
Evidence of three maternal lineages in near eastern sheep supporting multiple domestication events.

of special note:
Research including samples of the different mouflon subspecies is necessary for a better understanding of the origin of domestic sheep.
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1559946
When they get the genetic studies done of sheep sub-species,,,My money is riding on loss of genetic diversity for each sub-species when compared to the parent species,,as well as compatable genetic diversity when the entire range of sub-species is compared to parent species....

This pattern should hold for all sub-speciation (breeding) events,,,Thus, conforming to Genetic Entropy.

I'm still looking for proof of evolution but alas,,,the genetic evidence I find shows loss of information in each verifiable case of sub-speciation (breeding).... Dang,,maybe you guys can find solid evidence?

How about maize can we find the information being generated there?
Maize molecular diversity is roughly 2- to 5-fold higher than that of other domesticated grass crops (1). Tenaillon et al. (2) reported that in 25 maize individuals, one nucleotide every 28 base pairs is polymorphic, and overall nucleotide diversity is almost 1.3%. That study, the largest examination of random maize loci, found almost no evidence of selection in 21 genes along chromosome 1. Maize's closest wild relative, Z. mays ssp. parviglumis (a teosinte), often has levels of nucleotide diversity that surpass 2%

How about this? Less genetic diversity for maize than for its parent species teosinte?

Shoot maybe you guys can just show me a new origination of a species?

"Perhaps the most obvious challenge is to demonstrate evolution empirically. There are, arguably, some 2 to 10 million species on earth. The fossil record shows that most species survive somewhere between 3 and 5 million years. In that case, we ought to be seeing small but significant numbers of originations (new species) ... every decade." Keith Stewart Thomson, Professor of Biology and Dean of the Graduate School, Yale University (Nov. -Dec. American Scientist, 1997 pg. 516)

Whatever we may try to do within a given species, we soon reach limits which we cannot break through. A wall exists on every side of each species. That wall is the DNA coding, which permits wide variety within it (within the gene pool, or the genotype of a species)-but no exit through that wall. Darwin's gradualism is bounded by internal constraints, beyond which selection is useless." R. Milner, Encyclopedia of Evolution (1990)
"The closest science has come to observing and recording actual speciation in animals is the work of Theodosius Dobzhansky in Drosophilia paulistorium fruit flies. But even here, only reproductive isolation, not a new species, appeared." from page 32 "Acquiring Genomes" Lynn Margulis.

Many times, naturalists parade examples of reproductive isolation between close sub-species ( Horse & Donkey; Grizzly Bear & Polar Bear; Various Insects etc.. etc..) as stunning proof of evolution. Yet, the hard evidence of exhaustive experimentation indicates that the information for variation was already "programmed" into the parent species's genetic code and the sub-species, or what is sometimes known as the pure breed, becomes devoid of much of the variety that was present in the genetic code of the parent species. This fact is made especially clear in mans extensive breeding history of domesticated dogs and pure bred horses. Thus, even though a sub-species, or a pure breed, may sometimes be demonstrated to become reproductively isolated, it still has reached a wall in which its possibilities for variation are severely limited in its genetic code when compared to its parent species variability. In fact, from the best evidence we have so far, reproductive isolation is due to the fact that genetic information is being lost, not gained, in the genes of the pure breed or sub-species (genetic entropy). Indeed, the lack of genetic variability in major food crops, such as corn, is a major concern facing scientists today since the genetic variability, that is found in the parent species, gives greater protection from a disease wiping out the entire crop. Even in the differences of human races we find that the younger races (Chinese, Europeans, American Indians, etc.. etc..) are losing genetic information for skin color when compared to the original race of humans that is thought to have migrated out of east Africa some 50,000 years ago. This fact is totally contrary to what we would expect to find if the variation found in the sub-species were truly wrought by random mutations in the DNA generating novel information for variability! And this result is to be totally expected if the parent species were indeed created with a certain amount of flexibility for adaptation to differing environments already programmed in its genetic code! Yet, naturalists conveniently ignore the hard conclusive fact that the variation in the sub-species or pure breed is severely limited when it is compared to the much larger variability that is found in the parent species.

How about that loss of information for skin color in humans?
"
Melanin comes in two types: pheomelanin (red) and eumelanin (dark brown to nearly black). Both amount and type are determined by four to six genes which operate under incomplete do^min^ance. One copy of each of those genes is inherited from the father and one from the mother. Each gene comes in several alleles, resulting in a great variety of different skin tones.

Even if it was just a simple case of the efficiency of one melanin in the skin of people, I would still hold that it demonstrated less information for the younger descended races from Africans,and thus still conformed to genetic entropy...But as the case stands my inference to subtractive color mixing is strong and my case for the Genetic Entropy of skin color in younger human races is bolstered all the more!

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/vision/subcol.html#c1

need I bring up the fossil record?

There is never a transition between ANY of the different hominid species no matter where, or in what era, the hominid fossils are found.

"If pressed about man's ancestry, I would have to unequivocally say that all we have is a huge question mark. To date, there has been nothing found to truthfully purport as a transitional species to man, including Lucy, since 1470 was as old and probably older. If further pressed, I would have to state that there is more evidence to suggest an abrupt arrival of man rather than a gradual process of evolving". Richard Leakey, world's foremost paleo-anthropologist, in a PBS documentary, 1990

How about mutation rates:
Of the random mutations that do occur, and have manifested traits in organisms that can be measured, at least 999,999 out of 1,000,000 (99.9999%) of these mutations to the DNA have been found to produce traits in organisms that are harmful and/or to the life-form having the mutation (Gerrish and Lenski, 1998)! Professional evolutionary biologists are hard-pressed to cite even one clear-cut example of evolution through a beneficial mutation to DNA that would violate the principle of genetic entropy. Although evolutionists try to claim the lactase persistence mutation as a lonely example of a beneficial mutation in humans, lactase persistence is actually a loss of a instruction in the genome to turn the lactase enzyme off, so the mutation clearly does not violate genetic entropy. Yet at the same time, the evidence for the detrimental nature of mutations in humans is clearly overwhelming, for doctors have already cited over 3500 mutational disorders (Dr. Gary Parker).

I'm still looking guys but it ain't looking good for your beloved theory!

Richard Simons · 1 November 2007

BA77, BJB, Philip Cunningham or whatever you call yourself:

In what way did that last rant address any of the criticisms made of your previous post? All it did was emphasize how little substance there is to what you write. You would have done better to have kept quiet.

Albatrossity · 1 November 2007

BA77 agrees with Behe that changes in the genome of P. falciparum just don't happen in gazillions of generations. Then in his latest post he invokes Genetic Entropy, which is the notion that all of our genomes are rapidly changing for the worse. Why this doesn't happen to P. falciparum is a question that only he can answer.

But I predict that he will ignore this mystery, and maybe even run away, as he did on Behe's Amazon blog just a few days ago.

ben · 1 November 2007

BA77, you keep referring to ID theory and its predictions. I do not believe any such theory exists. If it does not exist, your references to it are at best ignorant and ill-informed and at worst dishonest and deceptive. If it does, I've yet to see it.

Could you please cite or link to a scientific theory of ID? If you cannot do this, I can't see why we should waste any time responding to your commentary.

Nigel D · 1 November 2007

You guys ought to write a new children’s book! I’ll take this last quote from Nigel; . And, oh, look, it has evolved several differing levels and mechanisms of CQ resistance. Exactly as predicted from first principles by MET… Hmm,,, it broke something to develop resistance,,

— Bornagain77
No, it didn't. Chloroquine resistance is a new ability that arose by chance and quickly spread through the population in response to selection pressure. Exactly as MET predicts. What's your problem with that?

,but hey its evolution baby,,,You better come up with some complexity boy!

Complexity has nothing to do with it. The mechanism of CQR could be quite simple. Probably in those instances where some measure of CQR arises through a single point mutation, it is. You obviously have no idea what you are talking about.

Well isn’t this sweet…Another fairy tale example of how evolution can explain anything!!! Will your new book be in the children’s section Nigel?

That's right, but it will be in the Age 11-14 section, whereas EoE is in the Age 6-9 section.

A theory that can explain everything and be falsified by nothing, is not a scientific theory..It is mere conjecture from the imagination of men!

Quite right, so why you persist in clinging to it I have no idea. Oh, except that ID doesn't actually explain anything. OTOH, MET explains everything we have observed quite satisfactorily. It is intellectually fulfilling, because it explains what has occurred. Similarly, it allows us to make predictions, and in the last 148 years many of those predictions have been tested. Every time it has been tested, evolutionary theory has either been shown to be successful or it has been changed to accommodate the new knowledge. What's your problem with that? I have obviously touched a nerve here, you seem to be projecting ID's failings onto MET.

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

Albatrossity said:Why this doesn’t happen to P. falciparum is a question that only he can answer.

I'll Let DaveScot answer that since he addressed it two days agoon UD:

http://www.uncommondescent.com/intelligent-design/genetic-entropy-and-malarial-parasite-pfalciparum/#comments

Yet P.falciparum clearly didn’t melt down but rather demonstrated an amazing ability to keep its genome perfectly intact. How?

After thinking about it for a while I believe I found the answer - the widely given rate of eukaryote replication errors is correct. If P.falciparum individuals get an average DNA copy error rate of one in one billion nucleotides then it follows that approximately 97% of all replications result in a perfect copy of the parent genome. That’s accurate enough to keep a genome that size intact. An enviromental catastrophe such as an ice age which lowers temperatures even at the equator below the minimum of ~60F in which P.falciparum can survive would cause it to become extinct while genetic meltdown will not. Mammals however, with an average genome size 100 times that of P.falciparum, would have an average of 3 replication errors in each individual. Thus mammalian genomes would indeed be subject to genetic decay over a large number of generations which handily explains why the average length of time between emergence to extinction for mammals and other multicelled organisms with similar genome sizes is about 10 million years if the fossil and geological evidence paints an accurate picture of the past. I DO believe the fossil and geological records present us with an incontrovertible picture of progressive phenotype evolution that occured over a period of billions of years. I don’t disbelieve common ancestry and phenotype evolution by descent with modification - I question the assertion that random mutation is the ultimate source of modification which drove phylogenetic diversification.

John Pieret · 1 November 2007

By the way, Luskin's other major theme, that Judge Jones "misused" a quote from Of Pandas and People, where he found that the ID "designer" is, in fact, God and Luskin quotes from the Talk Origins Archive about the Raelian aliens to prove that the designer could be a natural being, is hilariously self-contradictory. If the authors of Pandas thought the designer really could be a natural being, why did they say, a priori, that we must leave its nature and identity to religion (of all things!) and philosophy?

Nigel D · 1 November 2007

You see evolution where you want to see it,

— Bornagain77
Not so. I see it everywhere, whether I want to or not.

in the suggestive

conclusive

evidence of genetic similarities and fossil similarities,

Which, incidentally, can be explained only by MET. By contrast, ID does not even begin to explain what we observe in nature. ID is no more than a shallow sound-bite by comparison to the rich explanatory power of MET.

and don’t see any evidence against it in the hard empirical evidence we now have,

Lying again. There is no evidence against MET. If you disagree, you can easily prove me wrong. Show us the evidence. But you will forgive me if I don't hold my breath.

This is because you have already decided what the evidence must say

No, that's what you have done. The evidence says that the mechanisms described in MET are the way that life on Earth evolved. You are the one denying the evidence, mate.

prior to investigation

No, as the result of 200+ years of investigation.

and that evolution must be true!

It is the only theory that: (1) Explains all of the evidence; (2) Is consistent with all of the evidence; (3) Withstands logical scrutiny when compared with the evidence; and (4) Unifies observations from paleontology, comparative anatomy, molecular biology and population genetics. In short, as far as it is possible for humans to know at this time, MET is a true description of the biological world.

,,,but in all actuality, when push came to shove and evolution was given the opportunity to demonstrate its almighty power to develop complexity in reality

What is it with you guys and "complexity"? First off, how do you measure complexity? No, Dembski's definition is a re-wording of probability, which we cannot know since it would require complete knowledge of boundary conditions. Second, why do you insist that evolution must always invent compexity?

,,,what did hard science find,,,Zilch-Nada-Zero complexity being developed….

What do you know of "science"? Judging from your posts in this blog, your knowledge of actual science is pitiful. Additionally, what does your "observation" prove? Nothing. MET does not predict that complexity always will arise, but it does provide mechanisms whereby complexity can arise. And I use the term complexity in its very casual sense of "complicatedness".

This is not just an anomaly

It's not an anomaly at all. Even if it were an anomaly, this wouldn't prove anything about any other theory of evolution. And, besides, you don't have a better theory with which to replace MET, so where would that leave us?

for malaria and HIV,

Actually, I think you will find that Behe was totally, completely and utterly wrong about HIV. Go back through the posts in the PT archive until you get to "Behe vs. ERV". Read it.

this is a pervasive phenomena

singular of "phenomena" is "phenomenon"

throughout all mutational studies conducted on all life-forms

This is another lie. You are spouting nonsense.

(adaptations (such as antifreeze ) occurs when some preexisting system gets broke!)

This is another popular creationist lie. Biological systems, unlike man-made systems, don't fit into the "working" and "broken" categories that you try to assign them to. If the organism survives to reproduce, it is successful. End of story.

,,,YET THE VERY BEDROCK of evolutionary theory states that fantastic complexity generation is common and happening all the time in all life forms ….

No, MET does not mention complexity at all. This is because there is no biologically-relevant measure of complexity available. Almost all discussions of evolution wherein the terms "complexity" or "information" crop up necessarily confine themselves to the abstract. As far as I am aware, Dawkins is the only person to have defined "information" in a way that is relevant to biology.

Think about it,,,Look at all the amazing diversity of life around you! It is truly AWESOME!

Yes, it is. And why is it that you cannot see the inter-relatedness of all organisms? Is it because you have shut your eyes?

….Yet despite absolutely no hard “observed” scientific proof of complexity being generated ,,,you go into the shadows of your imagination to develop a “Evolution will not happen when we are looking for it to happen theory”…

Oh, boy, now you have ousted Mats as the author able to fit the most wrong things into one sentence. (1) NS has been observed to occur. (2) Complexity is a red herring, since it is not measurable (how much complexity is there in a chimpanzee? How much is there in a human? How are they different from one another?) (3) Mutation has been observed to occur. (4) NS and RM in conjunction have been observed to generate new abilities or functions in populations of living organisms. (5) Speciation has been observed to occur. (6) No mechanisms other than those described in MET are required for speciation to occur. (7) Given (6), all of life's diversity has been accounted for by MET. (8) Evolution occurs in response to selection pressure. In the absence of selection pressure, change only occurs through genetic drift. (9) Evolution can sometimes occur very slowly. Incidentally, I notice that you have completely and utterly failed to address my previous objections to the self-same point that you made in a previous comment.

Oh how fortunate, you now got a theory that explains why we find no evidence for the theory!!!….It would be absolutely funny if it weren’t for the fact that you are de^ad serious, de^ad wrong and most likely spiritually de^ad in your soul.

More lies. MET has made predictions that have been confirmed. This has been pointed out to you before. You have not addressed any of the very genuine objections to this argument when you expounded it before. Why is that? Is it because you actually can't answer them? Or is it because you have not understood them? You see, simply ignoring them does not alter their validity one iota. Either way, when you repeat arguments that have been pointed out to you as wrong without addressing the genuine objections that have been made against them, you lie. Why do you choose to discard Mosaic law?

WAKE UP!

This is ironic indeed, coming from you. Not only are you a liar, but you are also a hypocrite. You are the one who is ignoring the hard evidence. You are the one who refuses to learn anything about that which you attack. You are the one who refuses to address genuine criticism of the arguments you are making. So, I ask you again. Stop making strawmen, and go and learn some actual biology.

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

Dang you guys,,,it keeps getting more painful for evolution,,,Function for Psuedogenes?

James D. Watson, writing on the 50th anniversary of his (and
Francis Crick’s) discovery of the helical structure of the DNA
molecule, commented as follows:

‘The most humbling aspect of the Human
Genome Project so far has been the realization
that we know remarkably little about what the vast
majority of human genes do.’13
Now if the foregoing is true of genes, how much
more so of pseudogenes! At very least, pseudogenes have
not been fairly and objectively analyzed:
‘An extensive and fast-increasing literature
does not justify a sharp division between genes and
pseudogenes that would place pseudogenes in the
class of genomic “junk” DNA that lacks function
and is not subject to natural selection.’14

http://www.creationontheweb.com/images/pdfs/tj/j18_3/j18_3_63-69.pdf

Maybe you should title this blog the continued confusion of evolutionary theory!

Venus Mousetrap · 1 November 2007

BA77: I notice after reading the link that you're passing DaveScot's exact words off (earlier) as if you wrote them. That is plagiarism.

This isn't difficult. When you quote, just attribute the quote. It's polite. It makes you look more grown up. And it doesn't confuse people over who said what.

Are you actually going to address the fact that your numbers are off by several orders of magnitude, which essentially demolishes your claim? I note that after those corrections were addressed to you, you went off talking about how evolution is a fairy story. Looks a little hypocritical, eh? (and that's before one gets to the irony of someone who talks about deities 'existing in timeless eternities', and then accusing his OPPONENTS of fairy stories)

Nigel d: Your posts on this are excellent - I finally actually understand what this is all about now. The claims of billions and trillions have been confusing me (it's so hard to pick out which bits are the truth, and which have been added by ID)

Frank J · 1 November 2007

ID will predict that all adaptations from a parent species to a sub-species,or breed, will come at a loss of genetic diversity (and thus a loss of meaningful specified information) from parent species, and will also predict that the genetic diversity found in the entire range of sub-species will not exceed the genetic diversity found in the parent species.

— bornagain77
So does ID predict that the “parent species” of modern humans and modern chimps (you do agree with Behe that there was such a species and that it lived ~6 MY ago, right?) had more “meaningful specified information” than modern humans and modern chimps? Or does it predict that there were design actuation events in one or both lineages? More simple questions that can be easily answered without any reference to perceived problems with “Darwinism.” Go ahead, be the first.

Venus Mousetrap · 1 November 2007

BA77: Quoting a secondary source is a poor way to make a case - in this case, a biased source from people who are known to quote mine, which you have /also/ quoted wrongly (the second and third sentence are from John Woodmorappe, the author of the article, not Watson).

Albatrossity · 1 November 2007

BA Thanks for playing. Assume for a moment that we accept DaveScot, USMC autodickhead with a known and documented tendency to misunderstand science, as an authority on the subject. If DaveScot is right
the widely given rate of eukaryote replication errors is correct.
it means that Sanford, your other hero and the father of the creationist-based notion of genetic entropy, is wrong. Sanford's entire argument is based on his (unproven) notion that mutation rates are actually 200 times higher than anyone suspects. It also means that Behe is wrong, since he seems to think that mutations rarely happen. So you have your choice a) DaveScot is correct, and mutation rates are what scientists say they are. b) Sanford is correct, and mutation rates are hellaciously higher than anyone suspects. c) Behe is correct, and mutation rates are way lower than anyone suspects. All three of these IDiots are touted as minor deities in the ID pantheon. How can all three of them be correct? Be aware that you need to chose one of the above. Whichever one you chose will be remembered, and the next time you appear anywhere (outside of UD, of course) using an argument which you contradict by your choice here, you will be reminded of it. So what is your final answer? A, B, or C?

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

Frank,,
Do You believe the Big Bang was a creation event,,,

If so, such a creation event (of massive introduction of information and energy into this dimension) is conclusively demonstrated in the past and thus this opens the very real possibility that information can once again, or many times again, be introduced into this universe.... Since evolution is a joke as far as science is concerned it is The job of science is to track the information to its origination point for different life forms, not to be tied up in the blind ludicrous alley of evolution!!

Thus at this point I can only speculate to the orgination time for information,,but from the best evidence I can find is from Behe,
In the book EoE, Behe argues that while evolution can produce changes within species, there is a limit to the ability of evolution to generate diversity, and this limit (the "Edge of Evolution") is somewhere between species and orders.

PvM · 1 November 2007

If so, such a creation event (of massive introduction of information and energy into this dimension) is conclusively demonstrated in the past and thus this opens the very real possibility that information can once again, or many times again, be introduced into this universe…. Since evolution is a joke as far as science is concerned it is The job of science is to track the information to its origination point for different life forms, not to be tied up in the blind ludicrous alley of evolution!!

— Bornagain
The 'creation event' of the Big Bang may be of limited energy as the total energy of the universe, including the potential energy of gravity is close to zero. In addition, unless you define information, there us n evidence that information was introduced in high quantity either. In fact, Dembski proposed that God inserted information through an infinite wavelength, since that would impart no energy. Sadly enough the bandwidth of such a channel is zero. Oh well, Dembski is a mathematician at best. Funny how Bornagain is still denying the well supported fact and theory of evolution. THe joke seems to be on him. Of course, as a Christian he also seems to be running afoul of St Augustine but if Bornagain really wants to provide powerful evidence to atheists, that is his choice. However as a Christian and scientist I wonder as to the reason for such follies

PvM · 1 November 2007

I question the assertion that random mutation is the ultimate source of modification which drove phylogenetic diversification.

— Bornagain
In spite of all the evidence to the contrary and the fact that you once again ignore the concept of selection? Shame on you my friend. But tell us how you/ID explains all this? Chirp Chirp Or are you agreeing with George Gilder

“I’m not pushing to have [ID] taught as an ‘alternative’ to Darwin, and neither are they,” he says in response to one question about Discovery’s agenda. “What’s being pushed is to have Darwinism critiqued, to teach there’s a controversy. Intelligent design itself does not have any content.”)

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

PvM,
What is the most massive number found for the Anthropic Principle?

It is the phase space measure of entropy calculated by Penrose to be 1 in 10^10^123.

That is (10^10^123) a 1 with 10^123 zeros to the right...Turned on its head, it is a measure of the information content necessary for the singularity from which all degradation of entropy flows!

PvM,
Your God is too SMALL buddy!!!

Frank J · 1 November 2007

Jeez, bornagain, you could be a little more subtle in proving my point that an IDer can't answer a simple question without referring to perceived problems with "Darwinism." Even when your answer is essentially "I don't know"! BTW, I didn't ask for the "origin time for information" but when the information entered a biological system.

As a believer in a designer/Creator, which I call God, I think that design is actuated continuously, and that the Big Bang is just one such event of many. I don't pretend that such a claim is scientific, and am unsure if it ever will be.

IDers like to compare what they do to archaeology and forensics. But the real "design investigators" don't stop at "I found design" but keep going on the whats, whens and hows of design actuation. IDers refuse, either because it will expose hopeless internal contradictions that will alienate their target audience, or because they know that they answer is still evolution, if not their "Darwinism" caricature.

ben · 1 November 2007

you could be a little more subtle in proving my point that an IDer can’t answer a simple question
....like "what is the theory of ID?"

hoary puccoon · 1 November 2007

Albatrossity says to Bornagain:

"...you have your choice

a) DaveScot is correct, and mutation rates are what scientists say they are.

b) Sanford is correct, and mutation rates are hellaciously higher than anyone suspects.

c) Behe is correct, and mutation rates are way lower than anyone suspects....

So what is your final answer? A, B, or C?"

And Bornagain immediately replies,
"Do You believe the Big Bang was a creation event,,,"

This is what is so irritating about ID. Exchanges never go from point A to point B and get something resolved. The IDers just argue and argue and ARGUE around in circles. And then say, "see? There's a controversy."

Ginger Yellow · 1 November 2007

"Whenever an intelligent cause acts, it chooses from a range of competing possibilities. "

Natural selection sure is smart.

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

Frank You stated:
As a believer in a designer/Creator, which I call God, I think that design is actuated continuously, and that the Big Bang is just one such event of many. I don’t pretend that such a claim is scientific, and am unsure if it ever will be...

This is the whole point frank...When was the information implemented into biological systems....The mutation rate to DNA says that entropy is not violated in biological systems and that degradation of information content is the overwhelming rule for information in the genome!!!Thus,,the primary concern becomes when was the information implemented since we now know it is not occurring by natural means...As I pointed out earlier I believe we already have preliminary indication that the information was inserted:

Thus at this point I can only speculate to the orgination time for information in biology,,but from the best evidence I can find is from Behe (and in the genetic diversity studies I post on this thread!), In the book EoE, Behe argues that while evolution can produce changes within species, there is a limit to the ability of evolution to generate diversity, and this limit (the “Edge of Evolution”) is somewhere between species and orders.

Thus with the two lines of evidence our best inference becomes Behe's estimate for the Edge of Evolution!

Braxton Thomason · 1 November 2007

Is it too much to ask for well-formatted, punctuated, and grammatically correct nonsense these days?

Man, if only more creationists used more exclamation points in their writing, they'd have no trouble getting people to accept it.

PvM · 1 November 2007

This is the whole point frank…When was the information implemented into biological systems….The mutation rate to DNA says that entropy is not violated in biological systems and that degradation of information content is the overwhelming rule for information in the genome!!!Thus,,the primary concern becomes when was the information implemented since we now know it is not occurring by natural means…As I pointed out earlier I believe we already have preliminary indication that the information was inserted:

That of course, is wrong and I would like to see Bornagain provide us with scientific estimates of the 'degradation' of information content. Remember that information content is a well defined concept in science and has nothing to do with meaning. In fact, information content can increase even though the effect may be slightly deleterious. However, the claim that mutation rates, entropy and information are somehow connected fails on the simple grounds that entropy and information are two different concepts, even though both in thermodynamics and information theory, the term entropy is used. In fact, we know that information content can trivially increase via natural processes, and Bornagain has been informed of this. Why is he pretending otherwise? Yes, information was 'inserted' and the answer is provided in such papers as "evolution of biological complexity" by Adami

To make a case for or against a trend in the evolution of complexity in biological evolution, complexity needs to be both rigorously defined and measurable. A recent information-theoretic (but intuitively evident) definition identifies genomic complexity with the amount of information a sequence stores about its environment. We investigate the evolution of genomic complexity in populations of digital organisms and monitor in detail the evolutionary transitions that increase complexity. We show that, because natural selection forces genomes to behave as a natural "Maxwell Demon," within a fixed environment, genomic complexity is forced to increase.

So Bornagain is once again violating St Augustine's warning about us Christians looking foolish in issues of science.

Mr_Christopher · 1 November 2007

Hey born again, who's god is small? Yours was castrated by a handful of concerned soccor moms and a single federal judge. Holy cow man, your deity was taken to the mat but a bunch of mothers and held there util he cried uncle. Why is the ID god so patently impotent and weak? He can create the entire universe but cannot get a foot hold in a high school science class, heck he can't even get a photo spread in a high school biology book.

He can create the universe, part oceans, cause global floods, murder every single baby boy in a given country (in one night) yet he can't get two words in a freaking high school biology class. That is a laff riot my friend who was born one too many times.

Yet you claim he can create IC structures but can't make his way into ANY science lab on earth. Talk about a weak sister. Why do you worship suck weak, pathetic, impotent deity?

Anyhow, I'd advise you to lay low when claiming other people have a small god, especially since yours is obviously a midget lighweight. Hmmm...Do you worship a gnome perhaps?

Frank J · 1 November 2007

BA77,

That’s a little slicker, but you’re still proving my point.

If your definition of information were valid, then yes, evolutionary biologists would have to propose – and test - when the information had increased. And they would do just that, and not keep evading the question with a pathetic “you go first.”

Lemme try again with the common ancestor to humans and chimps. You do agree with Behe that there was one, ~MY ago, do you? For each lineage, did the “information” increase or decrease?

Albatrossity · 1 November 2007

BA You posted three comments without addressing what is really a very simple question. Just pick one.
a) DaveScot is correct, and mutation rates are what scientists say they are. b) Sanford is correct, and mutation rates are hellaciously higher than anyone suspects. c) Behe is correct, and mutation rates are way lower than anyone suspects…. So what is your final answer? A, B, or C?
If I didn't know better, I'd say you were stalling. Or massively dishonest. Or both. [chirp chirp]

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

Frank,
I thought you might like this site:

http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0710/0710.4235.pdf

Dave:
As far as evolution is concerned the detrimental rate to evolution is 100%,,,so since your beloved theory is so wrong on this one basic point of evidence, why don't you figure out if A, B or C is correct, instead of worrying about my take on it!

Torbjörn Larsson, OM · 1 November 2007

BA
If so, such a creation event (of massive introduction of information and energy into this dimension) is conclusively demonstrated in the past and thus this opens the very real possibility that information can once again, or many times again, be introduced into this universe….
Stop lying. The concordance cosmology gets 0 spatial curvature, so far within 1 sigma. (Σk = -0.010 +0.014/-0.012.) This means that the average energy density is 0. Moreover, the initially low entropy or ignorance about the details of the system means that very little information existed in the early stages of the big bang process we live in. Which is lucky since high entropy means a highly unordered random state. Oh, wait, as a creationist you believe that information means order, don't you? Hah, have you got something to learn! There are cosmologies that explains the initial low entropy such as eternal inflation. Eternal inflation can start in a volume of spacetime that happens to fluctuate randomly from a high entropy state to a low. But as it is eternal, you can have worldlines that go indefinitely back, pushing any lower bound. So it is also possible that there never was any random quantum fluctuations that started it, it just is. You and your IDC are jokes as far science is concerned. A simple "goddidit" never explains anything, there is no information or complexity in the concept.
What is the most massive number found for the Anthropic Principle? It is the phase space measure of entropy calculated by Penrose to be 1 in 10^10^123.
"phase space measure "; look, all statistical measures of entropy are measures over (micro)states. And there is no number associated with any anthropic principle. You mean the religious anthropic argument, which is a different kettle of fish. I believe you are referring to Roger Penrose's Weyl curvature hypothesis and the connection he makes between the entropy content of gravitational fields and the universe initial state as described by the second law of thermodynamics. In that case I note that you must agree with me and Penrose when we claim that the universe started out with a low entropy content, and disagree with your previous claim above. So not only where you lying about what physics say, you are or should be aware of your lie. For the remainder, as Penrose and you are discussing anthropic arguments you are confusing a priori unconditional probabilities with a posteriori conditional probabilities. So what if my hand of cards is of low a priori probability to get in a deal? My holding a hand of cards after dealing has very high likelihood. But let's stop with your lies and confusions about what physics says, what IDC says and basic probability theory, and get back to the simpler question of Luskin's own confusion about IDC. What agency is responsible for design according to IDC?

Torbjörn Larsson, OM · 1 November 2007

BA
As far as evolution is concerned the detrimental rate to evolution is 100%
More lies. There is no definition or observation of "detrimental rate" within the theory of evolution. Let me guess, you mean an unsubstantiated and unproven IDC claim on a working scientific theory. And as a process, evolution is a proven success. Earth took life out on a spin ~ 3.5 Gy ago, and haven't stopped her yet. You could say that extinction rates nearly balances speciation rates, as ~ 99.9 % or so of all species have gone extinct over the history of Earth. But speciation has been a successful phenomena and the diversity of life has probably never been as high as it is now. Evolution, the process that goes on picking up survival information from its environment. And goes on, and on, and on, ... [Maybe there was an Energizer bunny in the precambrian. :-P]

Mr_Christopher · 1 November 2007

bornoncetoomanytime77, please address my question. Why is the god of ID so impotent and feeble? Why is he no stronger than a handfull of soccor moms?

Albatrossity · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: As far as evolution is concerned the detrimental rate to evolution is 100%,,,so since your beloved theory is so wrong on this one basic point of evidence, why don't you figure out if A, B or C is correct, instead of worrying about my take on it!
BA 'Tain't my "beloved theory" that's in jeopardy, buddy. It's yours. Three different IDiots say three different, and contradictory, things. On various occasions, you use one or the other to argue the case for ID. That won't continue, since now we all know that you are incapable of taking a position and sticking with it. It will follow you, just like your exposed plagiarism and your unsupported statement about genetic entropy being a "principle in biology" By the way, you never answered that one either. I'll just repeat that here to see if you want to answer it now. From Behe's Amazon Blog thread entitled Kenneth Miller and the Problem of Evil: Part 3
If you say that "Genetic Entropy is a principle in biology" the onus is on you to prove it. I am a biologist; I say it is not true. To bolster my case, I just searched the Web of Science for that term. I found one (1) citation, out of the millions of citations accessible from there. Here it is - "Genetic entropy-constrained vector quantizer design algorithm", Hwang WJ, Hong SL, Source: OPTICAL ENGINEERING 38 (2): 233-239 FEB 1999. Not biology at all, but engineering. Your turn - supply EVIDENCE for your bald-faced assertion that "Genetic Entropy holds as a principle in biology". If you can't do that, please retract the statement.
Let the record show that Bornagain77, aka Bond, James Bond, aka Philip Cunningham, is a weasel.

fnxtr · 1 November 2007

WTF is this 'degradation' nonsense?

All mutations are bad?

Tell that to someone with one copy of the sickle cell gene when they're exposed to malaria.

Sheesh.

fnxtr · 1 November 2007

Twicetoooften, not once.

Nigel D · 1 November 2007

BA77, I was in two minds about whether I even wanted to read your typographical diarrhoea (comment 133662), so I'm only going to address selected highlights. By the way, just a teeny bit of advice. If you really need to use this many words to make your point, you definitely need some help. Good writing is both clear and concise. I fear what I am getting into here - it could be a stylistic nightmare.

ID will predict that all adaptations from a parent species to a sub-species,or breed, will come at a loss of genetic diversity (and thus a loss of meaningful specified information) from parent species, and will also predict that the genetic diversity found in the entire range of sub-species will not exceed the genetic diversity found in the parent species.

— Bornagain77
How? How do you get from "some structures are too complicated to evolve by MET", and "Oooh, look, big numbers" to any such specific prediction? How does this account for an observed increase in diversity when several varieties are bred from one species?

This also conforms to the foundational principle for biology of Genetic Entropy. Confirmation in this study: Tishkoff; Andrew Clark, Penn State; Kenneth Kidd, Yale University; Giovanni Destro-Bisol, University “La Sapienza,” Rome, and Himla Soodyall and Trefor Jenkins, WITS University, South Africa, looked at three locations on DNA samples from 13 to 18 populations in Africa and 30 to 45 populations in the remainder of the world. “We found an enormous amount of diversity within and between the African populations, and we found much less diversity in non-African populations,” Tishkoff told attendees today (Jan. 22) at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Anaheim. “Only a small subset of the diversity in Africa is found in Europe and the Middle East, and an even narrower set is found in American Indians.”

The quote actually goes contrary to what you claim. It indicates, not any nonsense about limited information, but the time available since Homo sapiens has existed in different parts of the world. Well done. You have committed a pubjack.

And confirmation in this study: http://jhered.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/90/1/… of special note: Some sequences found in dogs were identical to those in wolves… The sequence divergence within (breeds of) dogs was surprisingly large: the mean sequence divergence in dogs 2.06 + or - 0.07% was almost identical to the 2.10 + or - 0.04% (sequence divergence) found within wolves. (notice that sequence divergence is slightly smaller for dogs than for wolves)

Er, yeah, except the uncertainties overlap. In my interpretation, if I got this result in my experiment, I would be saying: look, these numbers are exactly the same.

Thus, Coupled with the diverse morphology of domesticated dogs and known hazards of dog breeding,

??? Like, yeah, those dog-breeders are a tough old bunch. Respect to 'em!

this evidence strongly indicates “front loaded adaptations” for sub-species at a loss of information from parent species.

No it doesn't. That's just one of your "fairy stories". It's wishful thinking. Tell me, did you read the conclusion provided by the authors of that paper?

Thus, this is genetic confirmation of the principle of Genetic Entropy for dogs from the parent species of wolves!

Except that it's not. Seriously, if that's thebest support you can find, you are building on sand.

As well I would like to point out. Low levels of genetic variation were detected in both subspecies, ….. Is the decline of desert bighorn sheep from infectious disease the result of low MHC … http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v99/n4/full/6801… I can’t open the article (no subscription), but the description is clear, loss of diversity within subspecies, or breed, of sheep.

No, the description is not clear. It may be that low diversity of MHC is making the sheep more susceptible to infecvtious disease. But, oh, hang on a sec . . . isn't the bighorn sheep a domesticated variety? And therefore has been inbred? Well, blow me backwards, that would account for the low genetic diversity! I could add a few more exclamation marks if you think that would help.

I was hoping to find better studies for the genetic diversity of parent and sub-species (breeds) of sheep, but at least this one study is conforming to the pattern of Genetic Entropy I’ve found so far in humans and dogs,,,

Well, except that they don't support your claim. And you do not cite and address any contrary evidence, I note. That is poor scholarship. You must address contradictory evidence if you want scientists to take you seriously.

As well, this other study I found seems to indicate that the closer a sub-species is to a parent species the more robust it is and the more resistant to the problems of inbreeding. (A ID prediction from the theistic perspective!)

If you want to make theistic predictions for ID, then you should also accept the theistic criticisms: Why disease? Why is my back so useless for what I need it to do? Why are human eyes so inefficient? Why the appendix? Why so much pain and death - for all life forms all of the time? Why wasps? Why the duck-billed platypus? No, BA77, if you want to get into theistic arguments, you need to address all of these (and all of the other questions in a similar vein). Especially if you want ID to be accepted as science. Oh, but if it is overtly theistic, then it's not allowed in public schools.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/03/07030… of particular note: A Single male and female sheep maintain genetic diversity.

No they don't. Genetic diversity is meaningless when applied to two individuals.

A mouflon (sheep) population, bred over dozens of generations from a single male and female pair transplanted to Haute Island from a Parisian zoo, has maintained the genetic diversity of its founding parents. This finding challenges the widely accepted theory of genetic drift,

No it doesn't.

which states the genetic diversity of an inbred population will decrease over time.

Quite the opposite in fact. Genetic drift states that, in the absence of selection pressure, random variation becomes the predominant force in evolution. Thus, the allele content of a population may change over time without resulting in adaptation. As long as there is no selection pressure, this change can actually lead to speciation.

“What is amazing is that mo^dels of genetic drift predict the genetic diversity of these animals should have been lost over time, but we’ve found that it has been maintained,” said Dr. David Coltman, an evolutionary geneticist at the University of Alberta.

In this case, you are looking at a specific instance of inbreeding based on only two founders. I would expect the genetic diversity of the offspring to decrease because they are so inbred. In this experiment, either it didn't through sheer chance (after all, genetic drift is a purely stochastic process), or they have discovered a mechanism by which diversity is maintained in the face of inbreeding. For all I know, the sheeps' mutation rate could have changed.

As well I found this study: Evidence of three maternal lineages in near eastern sheep supporting multiple domestication events. of special note: Research including samples of the different mouflon subspecies is necessary for a better understanding of the origin of domestic sheep. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcg… When they get the genetic studies done of sheep sub-species,,,My money is riding on loss of genetic diversity for each sub-species when compared to the parent species,,as well as compatable genetic diversity when the entire range of sub-species is compared to parent species….

Well of course we would expect to see a decrease in genetic diversity. Domesticated animals never get to freely choose their mates. They are all inbred.

This pattern should hold for all sub-speciation (breeding) events,,,Thus, conforming to Genetic Entropy.

Bollocks. It may apply to inbred populations, but you cannot extend it to populations undergoing natural selection. Besides, given enough time, we expect genetic diversity to increase and decrease as variation arises and selection removes portions of each population. And, hey extinction events usually involve a decrease in genetic diversity, don't they? But large extinction events are almost always followed by an increase in diversity as thye survivors adapt to new niches that were previously filled by other organisms.

I’m still looking for proof of evolution

I simply do not believe you.

but alas,,,the genetic evidence I find shows loss of information in each verifiable case of sub-speciation (breeding)…. Dang,,maybe you guys can find solid evidence?

Loss of information, in whatever woolly way you choose to define it, does not prove anything. If it were long-term and permanent you might have a point, but you have shown neither of these propoerties. The experiments you cite were not designed to investigate the tyhings in which you are interested. Therefore, the methodology could well have serious flaws with regard to the conclusions you wish to draw.

How about maize can we find the information being generated there? Maize molecular diversity is roughly 2- to 5-fold higher than that of other domesticated grass crops (1). Tenaillon et al. (2) reported that in 25 maize individuals, one nucleotide every 28 base pairs is polymorphic, and overall nucleotide diversity is almost 1.3%. That study, the largest examination of random maize loci, found almost no evidence of selection in 21 genes along chromosome 1. Maize’s closest wild relative, Z. mays ssp. parviglumis (a teosinte), often has levels of nucleotide diversity that surpass 2%

So?

How about this? Less genetic diversity for maize than for its parent species teosinte?

It is inbred. As are all domestic species. Do you know anything about agriculture or animal husbandry? At all?

Shoot maybe you guys can just show me a new origination of a species?

http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-speciation.html You didn't look very hard, did you?

“Perhaps the most obvious challenge is to demonstrate evolution empirically. There are, arguably, some 2 to 10 million species on earth. The fossil record shows that most species survive somewhere between 3 and 5 million years. In that case, we ought to be seeing small but significant numbers of originations (new species) … every decade.” Keith Stewart Thomson, Professor of Biology and Dean of the Graduate School, Yale University (Nov. -Dec. American Scientist, 1997 pg. 516)

I think he was, perhaps, being optimistic. If a speciation event takes time, who's going to fund a biologist for long enough to track one actually happening "in the wild"? Besides, most biologists have far more interesting things to do with their time (and limited resources) than try to prove somthing that the entire science community accepts as fact anyway.

Whatever we may try to do within a given species, we soon reach limits which we cannot break through. A wall exists on every side of each species.

No. There is no credible mechanism by which to achieve this. This is the old "inviolability of kinds" argument. If you believe a speciation barrier exists, then: (1) it is up to you to prove it, and to propose a mechanism by which it operates; and (2) how come it is so hard to define the term "species" and how come it is so difficult to distinguish some species from one another, or to determine if a particular individual belongs to one species or to a particular variety of another?

That wall is the DNA coding, which permits wide variety within it (within the gene pool, or the genotype of a species)-but no exit through that wall.

Bollocks. Take it from me, I know. You are talking rubbish.

Darwin’s gradualism is bounded by internal constraints,

Yes, and Darwin's gradualism has been shown to be an incomplete understanding of what happens. Have you ever heard of puntuated equilibria?

beyond which selection is useless.” R. Milner, Encyclopedia of Evolution (1990) “The closest science has come to observing and recording actual speciation in animals is the work of Theodosius Dobzhansky in Drosophilia paulistorium fruit flies. But even here, only reproductive isolation, not a new species, appeared.” from page 32 “Acquiring Genomes” Lynn Margulis.

Yes, and just because it is difficult to observe and record a speciation event in animals, does not mean it does not or cannot happen. Your argument here is just a non-sequitur. Think about it. It will actually be pretty damned difficult to observe a speciation event as it occurs, because all you start with is the ancestor species, and it could take years. How are we to know which species may be on the verge of becoming two? And how is the researcher supposed to get funding to do the work? Couple this to the difficulty of defining the term "species" and you have a proposition that is akin to trying to watch a lightning bolt travel between the ground and a cloud. We know it happens, and that it goes on all the time, but actually seeing it happen is extraordinarily difficult.

Many times, naturalists parade examples of reproductive isolation between close sub-species ( Horse & Donkey; Grizzly Bear & Polar Bear; Various Insects etc.. etc..) as stunning proof of evolution.

Well, I wouldn't say "stunning", but it lends support to the overall picture, yes.

Yet, the hard evidence of exhaustive experimentation indicates that the information for variation was already “programmed” into the parent species’s genetic code

You're making this up. The data you cite indicates no such thing. You clearly do not understand the subtleties of life. Or, now I think of it, the basics. Do you actually know what DNA is, for a start?

and the sub-species, or what is sometimes known as the pure breed, becomes devoid of much of the variety that was present in the genetic code of the parent species.

That's because it is deliberately inbred.

This fact is made especially clear in mans extensive breeding history of domesticated dogs and pure bred horses. Thus, even though a sub-species, or a pure breed, may sometimes be demonstrated to become reproductively isolated, it still has reached a wall in which its possibilities for variation are severely limited in its genetic code when compared to its parent species variability.

No, you've got that completely backwards. The possibility for variation is limited by man's intervention. That is, artificial selection. We deliberately inbreed animals and plants to enhance the traits that are desirable to us. If we left the animals or plants to go "wild", the diversity would increase again. But this would take time.

In fact, from the best evidence we have so far, reproductive isolation is due to the fact that genetic information is being lost, not gained, in the genes of the pure breed or sub-species (genetic entropy).

I think you have misunderstood the term "reproductive isolation". Because this makes no sense at all.

Indeed, the lack of genetic variability in major food crops, such as corn, is a major concern facing scientists today since the genetic variability, that is found in the parent species, gives greater protection from a disease wiping out the entire crop.

This has been known for some time. monoculture always presents this risk. The concern arises because the parent species are being left to go extinct, mainly through habitat loss.

Even in the differences of human races we find that the younger races (Chinese, Europeans, American Indians, etc.. etc..) are losing genetic information for skin color when compared to the original race of humans that is thought to have migrated out of east Africa some 50,000 years ago.

Where do you get this from? This is just tosh. Your claim makes no sense, and you make no effort to support it. I bet you're the kind of person who says "It stands to reason" a lot.

This fact is totally contrary to what we would expect to find if the variation found in the sub-species were truly wrought by random mutations in the DNA generating novel information for variability!

Oh, boy, you really have lost the plot haven't you? The genetic variability exists in the parent species and increases over time as neurtal and beneficial mutations accumulate. Sub-species individually contain lesser deiversity. Once two sub-species have diverged and become distinct species, variation will continue to accumulate. But this will take time. It might require thousands of generations before the transition is clear (ancestor - daughter species 1 and 2).

And this result is to be totally expected if the parent species were indeed created with a certain amount of flexibility for adaptation to differing environments already programmed in its genetic code!

But, by your claim, the genetic diversity of a sub-species will remain constant. There you go, go and get a grant and conduct that experiment. Let me know the result in about 25 years' time.

Yet, naturalists conveniently ignore the hard conclusive fact that the variation in the sub-species or pure breed is severely limited when it is compared to the much larger variability that is found in the parent species.

They don't ignore it, they expect it. If you knew the first thing about actual genetics of actual living organisms (rather than trying to obscure the issue with blather about information) you would know that this result would be expected. Subsequently, however, the genetic diversity of a subspecies will increase unless it is persistently inbred by meddling humans.

How about that loss of information for skin color in humans? “ Melanin comes in two types: pheomelanin (red) and eumelanin (dark brown to nearly black). Both amount and type are determined by four to six genes which operate under incomplete do^min^ance. One copy of each of those genes is inherited from the father and one from the mother. Each gene comes in several alleles, resulting in a great variety of different skin tones.

Yes. And?

Even if it was just a simple case of the efficiency of one melanin in the skin of people, I would still hold that it demonstrated less information for the younger descended races from Africans,and thus still conformed to genetic entropy…But as the case stands my inference to subtractive color mixing is strong and my case for the Genetic Entropy of skin color in younger human races is bolstered all the more!

Er, no it isn't. The passage you quote does not relate to your claims about genetic diversity at all.

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/vision/… need I bring up the fossil record?

Only if you are going to make a genuine effort to understand it.

There is never a transition between ANY of the different hominid species no matter where, or in what era, the hominid fossils are found.

Hominid fossils are quite rare. So why does it surprise you that we do not find transitions between them? Also, all of them are transitional between our last common ancestor with the chimpanzee and modern Homo sapiens. The older fossils or more ape-like, more robust and less gracile than the more modern ones. We have probably found specimens of fewer than half the hominid species to have shared out last ancestor with the chimps.

“If pressed about man’s ancestry, I would have to unequivocally say that all we have is a huge question mark. To date, there has been nothing found to truthfully purport as a transitional species to man, including Lucy, since 1470 was as old and probably older. If further pressed, I would have to state that there is more evidence to suggest an abrupt arrival of man rather than a gradual process of evolving”. Richard Leakey, world’s foremost paleo-anthropologist, in a PBS documentary, 1990

Yes. And?

How about mutation rates: Of the random mutations that do occur, and have manifested traits in organisms that can be measured, at least 999,999 out of 1,000,000 (99.9999%) of these mutations to the DNA have been found to produce traits in organisms that are harmful and/or to the life-form having the mutation (Gerrish and Lenski, 1998)!

Well of course they are. Now. Bear in mind that all modern organisms are the result of at least 3.5 billion yeasr of evolution. Notice in particular that you focus on mutations that "have manifested traits in organisms that can be measured". We know of many mutations that can cause defects. If you are right about front-loading, why do these continue to crop up? And how did the front-loading survive for 3.5 billion years?

Professional evolutionary biologists are hard-pressed to cite even one clear-cut example of evolution through a beneficial mutation to DNA that would violate the principle of genetic entropy.

Professional evolutionary biologists generally don't give a money's about genetic entropy. It is a nonsensical term, trying to obsure your ignorance of genetics in terms borrowed from information theory.

Although evolutionists try to claim the lactase persistence mutation as a lonely example of a beneficial mutation in humans, lactase persistence is actually a loss of a instruction in the genome to turn the lactase enzyme off, so the mutation clearly does not violate genetic entropy.

And you have missd the point. Again. It is quite definitely an example of a beneficial mutation. Which is quite in accord with MET.

Yet at the same time, the evidence for the detrimental nature of mutations in humans is clearly overwhelming, for doctors have already cited over 3500 mutational disorders (Dr. Gary Parker).

But this is not relevant. We've been undergoing evolution for 3.5 billion years, and at the moment we are under very little selection pressure. Beneficial mutations can only be observed to be beneficial if the organisms carrying the mutation are subjected to selection pressure. How about MRSA? There's a mutation that beneficial to the Staphylococcus, but we only discover it when we apply methicillin.

I’m still looking guys

And I still don't believe you. You are looking only for evidence to support your pre-selected view of the world, and that ain't science.

but it ain’t looking good for your beloved theory!

Actually, BA77, nothing you have cited presents a problem for MET. None of it at all. Now, go back to the papers you've cited, read them again, and this time try to understand them.

Nigel D · 1 November 2007

don’t give a money’s

— Nigel D
D'oh. I meant "Don't give a monkey's"

AL · 1 November 2007

ID is not a mechanistic theory, and it’s not ID’s task to match your pathetic level of detail in telling mechanistic stories. If ID is correct and an intelligence is responsible and indispensable for certain structures, then it makes no sense to try to ape your method of connecting the dots.

I don't understand this quote. If there exists no mechanism linking the designer and the designed, then how can the designer be given credit for the designed? IOW, how do we know the designer even did anything, or is responsible for the alleged designed thing?

Stanton · 1 November 2007

If genetic information is lost with the transition from parent generation to offspring generation, why is it that there have been so many instants of observed speciation in plants through polyploid mutation, such as, for example, the appearance of the giant evening primrose, Oenothera gigas, in a patch of Lamarck's evening primrose, O. larmarckiana?

PvM · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: Frank, I thought you might like this site: http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0710/0710.4235.pdf
Excellent paper, top down approach shows how evolution has been so successful. It's the feedback from the environment which helps resolves the information flow in evolution. I am not sure why you believe this is supporting your case though, Ellis' papers are quite interesting and on my list for a topic on PT
Dave: As far as evolution is concerned the detrimental rate to evolution is 100%,,,so since your beloved theory is so wrong on this one basic point of evidence, why don't you figure out if A, B or C is correct, instead of worrying about my take on it!
The whole situation seems to be based on some confusion as to the detrimental rate. First of all it is safe to point out that most base pair mutations are near neutral, because of the simple fact that the genetic code is degenerate. When it comes to amino acid mutations, many will be detrimental, many will be near-neutral and fewer will be beneficial for a given environment. So now we come to the concept of near-neutrality which allows slightly detrimental mutations to spread through the genome. Of course, what often is forgotten that the how and the details depend on a large variety of factors such as haploid asexual, diploid, population size, selection strength, probability distributions of mutations, etc etc. In many cases, the few beneficial mutations more than offset the many near neutral mutations and near neutral mutations improve the prospects of evolution. In other words, contrary to popular myth, these near neutral mutations enable evolution. It is undeniable that because some near neutral mutations are fixated in the genome the overall fitness effect is less than optimal but an optimal genome would be less likely to arise in absence of these near neutral mutations. In other words, it's a tradeoff where fitness still improves, however less than without near neutral mutations but more likely to happen. It may be helpful to provide some reviews of research in this area and although I am hardly an expert on these matters, the papers in many cases are quite straightforward. So let's not be confused by the musings of Bornagain, who is repeating merely the ignorance of others and violating St Augustine's fine principle. Educating people about what is wrong is the most effective cure for ignorance and I hope to do my best as a Christian and scientist to provide him with the knowledge. What he does with it remains up to him however.

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

You Know what Stanton,
Sanford actually talks about loss of information in plants in every case through polyploid mutation, in his book Genetic Entropy:

http://www.amazon.com/Genetic-Entropy-Mystery-Genome-Sanford/dp/1599190028

Although he tries to stretch the mutational evidence too far to fit his philosophical bias of YEC (as you evolutionists also try to do to fit your philosophical bias), The book is excellent overall, for he is an expert in the field of plant Genetics,,,Shoot he invented the Biolistic "Gene Gun" process and holds over 25 patents in the field of Genetics,,,He work was/is essential for the genetically engineered food we now eat around the world,,,

Thus He has years of extensive work with plant genetics, and thus, if he says no new information is being created in plants through polyploid mutation, I believe him.

PvM · 1 November 2007

In case of asexual reproduction, there is the issue of the Muller Ratchet, more on that one later

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

PvM,
It is interesting that you are going to talk about Ellis’ paper here since,,I found the paper on Dembski's website,,, I dougbt Dembski's take on the paper is the same as yours though but who knows, maybe you guys will find some common ground,,,Now That would be strange turn of events in the ID/Evo soap opera world...LOL

Also PvM...you have no solid evidence for evolution ANYWHERE!!!!...all mutational studies show 100% detrimentality when function is clearly known for the mutation,,,Thus don't you dare lecture me on being educated when you blatantly ignore the evidence right in front of you and lead gullible people down a atheistic path... You say you are a Christian, and who am I to deny that, only God can see your heart, but Sir, by not even considering the possibility that God could be intervening at certain times in this world, even though the evidence is very strong for that possibility, makes your faith appear very weak in my eyes.

Frank J · 1 November 2007

I don’t understand this quote.

— AL
Yeah you do.

Albatrossity · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: Also PvM...you have no solid evidence for evolution ANYWHERE!!!!
Enough with the exclamation points already; adding them to a falsehood only makes you look even more ridiculous. And you also seem to be forgetting to answer some questions. Here's a reminder.
If you say that “Genetic Entropy is a principle in biology” the onus is on you to prove it. I am a biologist; I say it is not true. To bolster my case, I just searched the Web of Science for that term. I found one (1) citation, out of the millions of citations accessible from there. Here it is - “Genetic entropy-constrained vector quantizer design algorithm”, Hwang WJ, Hong SL, Source: OPTICAL ENGINEERING 38 (2): 233-239 FEB 1999. Not biology at all, but engineering. Your turn - supply EVIDENCE for your bald-faced assertion that “Genetic Entropy holds as a principle in biology”. If you can’t do that, please retract the statement.
If you really are a Christian, you will understand that it is wrong to lie. Unless you can back up or retract your unfounded statement about genetic entropy, you will be seen as a liar here, and in the eyes of your God.

Mike O'Risal · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: all mutational studies show 100% detrimentality when function is clearly known for the mutation,,,
Nonsense. Absolute, utter, complete garbage. I've got a paper on my desk right now that demonstrates a mutation in Cryptococcus neoformans (a C-terminal deletion) and one in C. gattii (a premature stop codon) that confer benefits to each of the species. Lin X et al. 2007. αADα Hybrids of Cryptococcus neoformans: Evidence of Same-Sex Mating in Nature and Hybrid Fitness. PLoS Genet 3(10): e186. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030186 Here's a quote:
Thus, the novel truncated allele likely arose once in the haploid progenitor population, arguing against the “post-fusion fitness” selection model. These findings support the “pre-fusion fertility” model, in which the SXI1α truncation allele enhances fertility of the serotype Dα haploid parental progenitors and, as a result, increases fusion with an Aa or Aα partner to yield the aADα and αADα hybrid populations.
How exactly would an enhancement of fertility qualify as deleterious? The paper linked above is publicly available, free of charge. Read it and get back to us.

Mike O'Risal · 1 November 2007

Oh, and I'm still awaiting your explanation of the unusual chitinase in P. falciparum, too. I notice you've dodged that question quite handily so far.

Stanton · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: You Know what Stanton, Sanford actually talks about loss of information in plants in every case through polyploid mutation, in his book Genetic Entropy: http://www.amazon.com/Genetic-Entropy-Mystery-Genome-Sanford/dp/1599190028 Although he tries to stretch the mutational evidence too far to fit his philosophical bias of YEC (as you evolutionists also try to do to fit your philosophical bias), The book is excellent overall, for he is an expert in the field of plant Genetics,,,Shoot he invented the Biolistic "Gene Gun" process and holds over 25 patents in the field of Genetics,,,He work was/is essential for the genetically engineered food we now eat around the world,,, Thus He has years of extensive work with plant genetics, and thus, if he says no new information is being created in plants through polyploid mutation, I believe him.
Then how does Sanford explain the fact that O. gigas has double the number of chromosomes (28N vs 14N) and is bigger than O. lamarckiana? If the genome was degrading from parent to offspring, wouldn't the genome be smaller with each successive generation?

Stanton · 1 November 2007

Albatrossity: If you really are a Christian, you will understand that it is wrong to lie. Unless you can back up or retract your unfounded statement about genetic entropy, you will be seen as a liar here, and in the eyes of your God.
I think it's far too late for Bornagain to do that, as he's the classical example of the pompous blowhard who would sooner die than attempt to swallow his pride and admit he was mistaken.

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

Mike O'Risal,

This is from you paper

Overall, these observations support the hypothesis that hybridization between serotype A and D enhances the ability of the less virulent serotype D strains to survive both in the environment and in the host. Similar hybrid vigor (UV resistance and tolerance to high temperature) has also been observed in natural aADα hybrids, and the increased fitness of these hybrids is hypothesized to have contributed to their worldwide distribution, whereas the parental Aa strains are geographically restricted to Africa.

also this:
Sequencing of the SXI1Dα allele from the three αADα hybrids revealed a C-terminal truncation of the ORF (119 bp) and a partial deletion of the 3′ untranslated region (301 bp). Thus, the genomic locus is 420 bp shorter in the αADα hybrids:

I would have to dig deeper to be sure,,but it seems from my first read of the article that the "successful" mutant has a less information (genomic locus is 420 bp shorter)...I can assure you ,though complex, this is not conclusive proof of evolution,,,There is always a catch to be found in all evidences I've studied, the information generation WILL be found wanting somewhere!

Mike O'Risal · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: Mike O'Risal, This is from you paper Overall, these observations support the hypothesis that hybridization between serotype A and D enhances the ability of the less virulent serotype D strains to survive both in the environment and in the host. Similar hybrid vigor (UV resistance and tolerance to high temperature) has also been observed in natural aADα hybrids, and the increased fitness of these hybrids is hypothesized to have contributed to their worldwide distribution, whereas the parental Aa strains are geographically restricted to Africa. also this: Sequencing of the SXI1Dα allele from the three αADα hybrids revealed a C-terminal truncation of the ORF (119 bp) and a partial deletion of the 3′ untranslated region (301 bp). Thus, the genomic locus is 420 bp shorter in the αADα hybrids: I would have to dig deeper to be sure,,but it seems from my first read of the article that the "successful" mutant has a less information (genomic locus is 420 bp shorter)...I can assure you ,though complex, this is not conclusive proof of evolution,,,There is always a catch to be found in all evidences I've studied, the information generation WILL be found wanting somewhere!
The locus of C. gattii is no shorter in the mutant allele. Nor does a shorter locus equate to LESS information, unless the only information you take into account is the number of base pairs, which doesn't by itself mean anything about the amount of information encoded (ever heard of alternative splicing?) And in either case, you're skirting the issue. Here are TWO mutations that confer a benefit on the organisms in which they occur. You said that all mutational studies show that the mutations are detrimental when their function is clearly known. These are two beneficial mutations whose functions are clearly known. You're full of it.

PvM · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: PvM, It is interesting that you are going to talk about Ellis’ paper here since,,I found the paper on Dembski's website,,, I dougbt Dembski's take on the paper is the same as yours though but who knows, maybe you guys will find some common ground,,,Now That would be strange turn of events in the ID/Evo soap opera world...LOL
I so much expected that you had found the file on Dembski's site and thus thought it supported your viewpoint. Sadly enough you are once again led astray by your reliance on others rather than on an indepth research of the arguments and the paper.
Also PvM...you have no solid evidence for evolution ANYWHERE!!!!...all mutational studies show 100% detrimentality when function is clearly known for the mutation,,,Thus don't you dare lecture me on being educated when you
That's of course a total misrepresentation of fact. Mutational studies have shown that 1) genes can withstand significant variation without effect on function 2) mutations within genes can in fact lead to new function, especially when combined with gene duplicaiton.
blatantly ignore the evidence right in front of you and lead gullible people down a atheistic path... You say you are a Christian, and who am I to deny that, only God can see your heart, but Sir, by not even considering the possibility that God could be intervening at certain times in this world, even though the evidence is very strong for that possibility, makes your faith appear very weak in my eyes.
I understand and yet faith is personal while scientific ignorance is public. And your ignorance is well demonstrated, as a fellow Christian I am worried that you rely to much on authority and too little on your own knowledge and capabilities and allow yourself to be led astray.

raven · 1 November 2007

bornagain77 lying continuously: all mutational studies show 100% detrimentality when function is clearly known for the mutation,,,
That isn't even true in humans. We know of mutations conferring adult lactose tolerance, resistance to malaria, resistance to HIV/AIDS, and resistance to heart disease/stroke. In other systems, we know hundreds or thousands of examples. One such paper is abstracted below.
Science. 2007 Aug 10;317(5839):813-5. Links Adaptive mutations in bacteria: high rate and small effects.Perfeito L, Fernandes L, Mota C, Gordo I. Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, number 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal. Evolution by natural selection is driven by the continuous generation of adaptive mutations. We measured the genomic mutation rate that generates beneficial mutations and their effects on fitness in Escherichia coli under conditions in which the effect of competition between lineages carrying different beneficial mutations is minimized. We found a rate on the order of 10(-5) per genome per generation, which is 1000 times as high as previous estimates, and a mean selective advantage of 1%. Such a high rate of adaptive evolution has implications for the evolution of antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity.
bornagain just shows you can be a mentally ill troll, lie a lot, be ignorant, and claim to be a Xian. Fortunately, there are enough Xians such that liar, murderer, delusional, and ignorant and Xian aren't tautologies. Hard to say if he is really born again or was just brought up brainwashed. I do know a rabid born again Xian convert. He is also bughouse insane and irrational on a good day when he takes his medications. Evangelical Xians have a habit of preying on the mentally ill because they are easy pickings.

CJO · 1 November 2007

the information generation WILL be found wanting somewhere!

*stomps feet*

WILL TOO!!!

*covers ears*

LALALALALALA CAN'T HEEEAAR YOOUUUU

Bill Gascoyne · 1 November 2007

Good grief, and I thought Glen's comments were long. Is anyone going to actually read that enormous cut-and-paste?

I say, let the a**hole have the last word...

PvM · 1 November 2007

Bornagain, your cut and paste job was moved to the bathroom wall.

Bill Gascoyne · 1 November 2007

PvM: Thank you!

Mike O'Risal · 1 November 2007

Ah, interesting strategy, bornagain. When shown to be demonstrably and factually wrong in an argument, make childish taunts about "you guys think you're so smart" and then spew a bunch of gibberish that nobody's going to read in order to conceal your abject and completely humiliating ignorance.

Your Bible quotes are nonsense. You're a gibbering child who starts crying for daddy when confronted with his own inadequacies. And make no mistake, you are absolutely inadequate... intellectually, socially and, judging from your behavior, almost certainly sexually as well.

The thing is, we don't have to think we're smart in comparison to you, because you've repeatedly demonstrated yourself to be an idiot.

No doubt this deity you're gibbering about will now strike me down, like an angry parent defending his little, helpless, wet-nursed child. My bet is that your surrogate parent doesn't exist, won't do anything to me for saying so and, in the end, you'll still come off looking like a complete jackass. If I were someone who was looking for supporters of alternative theories to evolution, I'd be doing my damndest to disassociate myself from you right about now.

You are, in brief, an embarrassment to your religion, your family, and to any human being with two brain cells to rub together. Presented with an argument you cannot win, you throw a temper tantrum.

Somebody seriously needs to block this troll's posting. He's useless garbage cluttering up the comments section.

lurchgs · 1 November 2007

has BA77 actually answered ANYthing? Or did my eyes glaze over after so many non-sequiteurs that I missed it?

I have yet to find and IDiot who makes any more sense than that *ENGINEER* who asserts that - sometime in the past 100 years - new life should have formed in a jar or peanut butter. As though he has proof that it didn't happen. .

So I'm not a biologist/geneticist/etc. The work of literally thousands of hard working people, all concentrated on the same general issue is far more likely to provide the correct interpretation than some money-grubbing back-pew whiners in Seattle.

BA - trivial as it seems, the question you were asked a while back is VERY important. Is the answer A, B, or C? If you won't answer that, I submit that it is obvious to anybody that you live under a bridge and wait for billy goats to pass by overhead - which renders each and every one of your posts completely void of meaning and value.

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

I presented all the facts for design and they were removed, I tried to reason with but you will not listen!

I've presented good solid arguments for design and you attack my character...
One person presented fairly solid evidence that was very complex,,I assert and predict that it will fail to provide conclusive evidence for evolution as all the many proported evidences have...HAH bacterial resistance to anti-biotics is proof of evolution! Whoever said that needs to get a better handle on what's required to prove evolution true...

I'll say it again, you guys are letting your preconceived philosophical bias of materialism blind you to what is really going on in biology! Some of you guys may get paid to do research but I assure you that you are not true scientists!

Mike O'Risal · 1 November 2007

Bornagain, as you have demonstrated that you're nothing but a child, I'll deal with you as one.

Shut up, you pathetic, sniveling little brat. You're nothing, and until you grow up you'll continue to be nothing.

I think you need your diaper changed and a time out now.

hoary puccoon · 1 November 2007

Fourth time I've called you on this, Bornagain--
The quote from Leakey concerning 1470 should never, never, never be used. Leakey had the dates wrong, as his own team later proved. So it's pretty mean to your hero Leakey to keep bringing up the single most embarrassing incident of his career.

Bill Gascoyne · 1 November 2007

lurchgs: has BA77 actually answered ANYthing? Or did my eyes glaze over after so many non-sequiteurs that I missed it? I have yet to find and IDiot who makes any more sense than that *ENGINEER* who asserts that - sometime in the past 100 years - new life should have formed in a jar or peanut butter. As though he has proof that it didn't happen. **sigh**. So I'm not a biologist/geneticist/etc. The work of literally thousands of hard working people, all concentrated on the same general issue is far more likely to provide the correct interpretation than some money-grubbing back-pew whiners in Seattle. BA - trivial as it seems, the question you were asked a while back is VERY important. Is the answer A, B, or C? If you won't answer that, I submit that it is obvious to anybody that you live under a bridge and wait for billy goats to pass by overhead - which renders each and every one of your posts completely void of meaning and value.
Changed the angle brackets around "sigh" to double asterisks. Putting real text in angle brackets is a syntax problem.

PvM · 1 November 2007

I’ll say it again, you guys are letting your preconceived philosophical bias of materialism blind you to what is really going on in biology! Some of you guys may get paid to do research but I assure you that you are not true scientists!

As a Christian I have to disagree that it is a materialistic blindness that guides me. Your comments are an insult to scientists and Christians alike. Shame on you.

SunSpiker · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: I presented all the facts for design and they were removed, I tried to reason with but you will not listen! I've presented good solid arguments for design and you attack my character... One person presented fairly solid evidence that was very complex,,I assert and predict that it will fail to provide conclusive evidence for evolution as all the many proported evidences have...HAH bacterial resistance to anti-biotics is proof of evolution! Whoever said that needs to get a better handle on what's required to prove evolution true...
Can you elaborate on what you think is required to prove evolution true. What sort of evidence, data,experiments etc. would be required?

Mike Elzinga · 1 November 2007

I’ll say it again, you guys are letting your preconceived philosophical bias of materialism blind you to what is really going on in biology! Some of you guys may get paid to do research but I assure you that you are not true scientists!
Whew; this character's posts are some of the sickest stuff I’ve seen on PT. Someone who knows absolutely nothing about research and science making a claim like this in front of the whole world? This guy is a born loser, and his religion (whatever it is) has greatly exacerbated it.

Torbjörn Larsson, OM · 1 November 2007

you will not listen
Says the troll that repeats his lie that evolution claims a 100 % "detrimental rate" in the face of biologists and quotes from biologists laying out that it does not. Sure, go ahead and claim that scientists lie about their science, public science which can be checked by anyone. Let us see if such transparent falsifications gets you any more believers into the IDC fold.

bornagain77 · 1 November 2007

SunSpiker asked:
Can you elaborate on what you think is required to prove evolution true. What sort of evidence, data,experiments etc. would be required?

Dr. Behe in his book "Edge of Evolution" clearly lays out what is expected for evolution to be proven true.

To conclusively prove evolution true it is necessary to actually "observe" complexity being built up by the RM/NS step by step scenario in the real world...

As I posted earlier, the best chance for RM/NS to prove its almighty power was in the studies of Malaria and HIV (because of their tremendous populations and high mutation rates), Yet the chance to prove evolution true was a dismal failure in trying to generate the complexity required to prove evolution true...

I really recommend reading Behe's book if you have not.

I also recommend for you to read the major attempts at refutation of Behe's book and Behe's defence of his assertions in his book on his amazon blog... It's really entertaining to see him so effortlessly defend his book from the best attacks his high profile enemies can muster.

http://www.amazon.com/gp/blog/A3DGRQ0IO7KYQ2/104-2850335-2287117?%5Fencoding=UTF8&cursor=1187629152.013&cursorType=after

PvM · 1 November 2007

To conclusively prove evolution true it is necessary to actually “observe” complexity being built up by the RM/NS step by step scenario in the real world…

Already done. Next?

Albatrossity · 1 November 2007

I also recommend for you to read the major attempts at refutation of Behe's book and Behe's defence of his assertions in his book on his amazon blog... It's really entertaining to see him so effortlessly defend his book from the best attacks his high profile enemies can muster. http://www.amazon.com/gp/blog/A3DGRQ0IO7KYQ2/104-2850335-2287117?%5Fencoding=UTF8&cursor=1187629152.013&cursorType=after
Yes, please do read that thread, and all of the other recent threads on Behe's Amazon blog. Even though the main page says that comments are closed, if you click on one of the posts that Behe has written to "effortlessly defend" his tripe, you can see the comments, or leave a comment. You will discover that BA77's alter ego, Phil Cunningham, has been shown to be a plagiarist, and that he has twice "effortlessly" fled from the flak that he attracts there. Or read the interview with Behe on the California Literature Review, where BA77 also left with his vestigial tail between his legs. Good entertainment, for certain. In fact, it was on the Amazon site where he first dodged the question that I have been reposting here. Here 'tis again.
If you say that “Genetic Entropy is a principle in biology” the onus is on you to prove it. I am a biologist; I say it is not true. To bolster my case, I just searched the Web of Science for that term. I found one (1) citation, out of the millions of citations accessible from there. Here it is - “Genetic entropy-constrained vector quantizer design algorithm”, Hwang WJ, Hong SL, Source: OPTICAL ENGINEERING 38 (2): 233-239 FEB 1999. Not biology at all, but engineering. Your turn - supply EVIDENCE for your bald-faced assertion that “Genetic Entropy holds as a principle in biology”. If you can’t do that, please retract the statement.
So, BA, do you have the character to support your statement, or retract it like an honest discussant would? Or will you continue to bloviate and obfuscate in the name of your deity? ID predicts the latter.

PvM · 1 November 2007

I also recommend for you to read the major attempts at refutation of Behe’s book and Behe’s defence of his assertions in his book on his amazon blog…

Yes, pretty pathetic at best, Behe surely could have done a better job than that. Amazon readers were quickly to demolish Behe's 'rebuttals' Anyone in particular you would like to discuss in more detail or can you only quote mine and cut and paste?

Stanton · 1 November 2007

bornagain77: SunSpiker asked: Can you elaborate on what you think is required to prove evolution true. What sort of evidence, data,experiments etc. would be required? Dr. Behe in his book "Edge of Evolution" clearly lays out what is expected for evolution to be proven true.
Please demonstrate how saying that, because Plasmodium falciparum does not evolve, and was specifically designed to cause a miserable, painful death, can explain the observed diversity of life.

Pole Greaser · 2 November 2007

Stanton:
bornagain77: SunSpiker asked: Can you elaborate on what you think is required to prove evolution true. What sort of evidence, data,experiments etc. would be required? Dr. Behe in his book "Edge of Evolution" clearly lays out what is expected for evolution to be proven true.
Please demonstrate how saying that, because Plasmodium falciparum does not evolve, and was specifically designed to cause a miserable, painful death, can explain the observed diversity of life.
There was some sin it was meant to punish, although it is uncertain which one. Think about all of the times you masturbated. Any one of them could have been the reason our Lord and Savior created this organism to show hos love.

Ichthyic · 2 November 2007

They have not found any.

BULL SHIT

ever heard of polyploidy, idiot?

go grease more poles.

Frank J · 2 November 2007

Pole Greaser,

Bornagain77 kept evading the questions, so I'll try with you.

1. Do you agree with Behe that life on earth has a 4-billion year history?

2. Do you agree with Behe that modern humans share common ancestors with most or all other species?

3. When was the last design actuation event in the lineage that led to modern humans? I'm not asking about the origin of the information, which Behe suggests might have been at the origin of the universe or before, but when it was inserted in a living cell.

4. Did the event in #3 produce life from nonliving matter, or just an in-vivo non-evolutionary genetic change?

Bornagain77,

Since I rephrased the questions, you are welcome to try again.

PvM · 2 November 2007

Evolutionists are asked time and time again for a real world example of anything that increases in information without the aid of intelligent design. They have not found any. Applying the Helmholtz free energy theorem to questions of genetic entropy proves this to be impossible, so they never will!

Present your case and explain why there exist so many counter examples?

Stanton · 2 November 2007

PvM:

Evolutionists are asked time and time again for a real world example of anything that increases in information without the aid of intelligent design. They have not found any. Applying the Helmholtz free energy theorem to questions of genetic entropy proves this to be impossible, so they never will!

Present your case and explain why there exist so many counter examples?
Do you honestly expect a moron who's imitating a twit, who answered a question to explain why a loving God would design Plasmodium falciparum specifically to cause an excruciatingly painful death in humans, and how would that explain the diversity of life on this planet is that He hates masturbation can provide actual counter examples? You should to switch to decaf.

SunSpiker · 2 November 2007

bornagain77: SunSpiker asked: Can you elaborate on what you think is required to prove evolution true. What sort of evidence, data,experiments etc. would be required? Dr. Behe in his book "Edge of Evolution" clearly lays out what is expected for evolution to be proven true. To conclusively prove evolution true it is necessary to actually "observe" complexity being built up by the RM/NS step by step scenario in the real world... As I posted earlier, the best chance for RM/NS to prove its almighty power was in the studies of Malaria and HIV (because of their tremendous populations and high mutation rates), Yet the chance to prove evolution true was a dismal failure in trying to generate the complexity required to prove evolution true... I really recommend reading Behe's book if you have not. I also recommend for you to read the major attempts at refutation of Behe's book and Behe's defence of his assertions in his book on his amazon blog... It's really entertaining to see him so effortlessly defend his book from the best attacks his high profile enemies can muster. http://www.amazon.com/gp/blog/A3DGRQ0IO7KYQ2/104-2850335-2287117?%5Fencoding=UTF8&cursor=1187629152.013&cursorType=after
So Behe as actually done this already. Wow this HUGE! This is like proving Newton was wrong about gravity! There must be at least a Nobel prize in it for him. Does he realize what he has accomplished? He must let the scientific world know about this . When do you expect him to publish these groundbreaking results ? I'd love to see this in Science or Nature.

Nigel D · 2 November 2007

I know that BA77 simply ignores any and all counter-arguments to his blather, but I will continue to stick my oar in with deconstructing his comments for the benefit of any innocent bystanders who may think he might have something vaguely resembling a point.

Albatrossity said:Why this doesn’t happen to P. falciparum is a question that only he can answer.

— Bornagain77
Yes, Albatrossity was addressing the contradictory claims by Behe (and, indirectly, yourself) that the genome of P. falciparum supposedly maintained a constant level of diversity, but that genomes in general always suffered a loss of diversity.

I’ll Let DaveScot answer that

This is another argument from authority. What makes you think anyone here would actually believe that Dave Scot has any idea what he is talking about?

. . . Yet P.falciparum clearly didn’t melt down but rather demonstrated an amazing ability to keep its genome perfectly intact. How?

Actually, it's not amazing. For one thing, which you have still not admitted, the figures you were using for the number of generations were way off. By a ludicrously large margin. In no more than 1000 generations, we have no reason to expect a parasite to undergo significant evolutionary change, expecially when one considers that one of its main hosts has only passed through 2 generations in the same span of time. Your failure to acknowledge this point renders all your subsequent arm-waving totally pointless. However, even if your numbers were correct, I am sure that your subsequent logic is still faulty. Let's have a look:

After thinking about it for a while I believe I found the answer - the widely given rate of eukaryote replication errors is correct.

Wow. When there is *how much* evidence that it wasn't? (Of course, I'm being ironic here. But, seriously, why make the point about replication error rates when there isn't any reason to doubt the figures?)

If P.falciparum individuals get an average DNA copy error rate of one in one billion nucleotides then it follows that approximately 97% of all replications result in a perfect copy of the parent genome. That’s accurate enough to keep a genome that size intact.

This does not follow. If only 97% of replications are exact copies, then 3% of each generation won't have exact copies. You seem to be assuming that those without exact copies all die. Yet, not only is this assumption tacit rather than explicit, you have no justification to make it. What if most of those 3% have neutral mutations? The genome won't be "intact" by any meaningful measure, yet the organisms will still effectively compete with those that do have an "intact" genome. What if even a tiny proportion of those 3% have beneficial mutations? Also, given that the population comprises many individuals, some of which are certain to possess different alleles for certain genes, and many of which are certain to possess single-nucleotide polymorphisms, how do you define "the" genome in the first place?

An enviromental catastrophe such as an ice age which lowers temperatures even at the equator below the minimum of ~60F in which P.falciparum can survive would cause it to become extinct

But, if its genome contains enough diversity, maybe a few of those organisms will be able to survive in the cooler climes. Since all other P. falciparum would die out, it doesn't matter how slowly the few survivors replicate, since there will be no competition for their ecological niche.

while genetic meltdown will not.

I have no idea what this is supposed to mean.

Mammals however, with an average genome size 100 times that of P.falciparum, would have an average of 3 replication errors in each individual. Thus mammalian genomes would indeed be subject to genetic decay over a large number of generations

But, really, what impact will those "errors" have? Doesn't the typical mammalian genome already contain much diversity? If errors are occuring during replication, this will generate new diversity. Sure, some of those mutations will be deleterious, but many will be neutral, and a few may be immediately beneficial. So how does an increase in genetic diversity lead to "genetic decay"?

which handily explains why the average length of time between emergence to extinction for mammals and other multicelled organisms with similar genome sizes is about 10 million years if the fossil and geological evidence paints an accurate picture of the past.

What? This is a huge leap from your premise to your conclusion. You have left gaps in your logic big enough to drive a bus through. How is it that the accumulation of mutations is "bad"? What is "genetic decay", and what does it really mean in terms of its impact on the organisms that are suffering from it? If you are correct and all organisms are undergoing "genetic decay", then how come life is more diverse now than it was 3 billion years ago? What physical mechanism causes organisms to go extinct as a consequence of "genetic decay"? You really are not explaining anything, you know.

I DO believe the fossil and geological records present us with an incontrovertible picture of progressive phenotype evolution that occured over a period of billions of years.

Well, that's a relief. At least that's one piece of evidence you have chosen not to deny. Now, how do you reconcile that with such things as the comparability of fossil anatomies with the anatomies of modern organisms, and with the geographical distribution data (both fossil and modern), and yet maintain a denial of MET?

I don’t disbelieve common ancestry and phenotype evolution by descent with modification - I question the assertion that random mutation is the ultimate source of modification which drove phylogenetic diversification.

Which is pretty much Behe's main thesis on EoE. However, Behe's support of his thesis in EoE has been discussed elsewhere and is universally regarded by professional scientists as poor. I shan't go into this here and now. Random mutation (RM) is a source of genetic diversity. This has been demonstrated and I could demonstrate it to you in a few simple experiments. You say you doubt that RM alone can account for the diversity we find. Well, that's fine, because MET does not claim that RM alone is responsible for the diversity of organisms we find. The diversity arising through RM is acted upon by natural selection (NS) within the context of the prevailing conditions for all organisms at the time they are responding to the selection pressure. The environmental conditions (whether competition for food, or evasion of predators, or competition for mates, or competition for nesting sites, or coping with a low temperature, or coping with a wide range of temperature, or whatever) feed back into the organisms by means of NS. It is this combination of RM + NS + environmental change that has led to most of the diversity that we find. There are other important mechanisms in MET, but NS is usually the most important.

S. H. Pepper · 2 November 2007

bornagain77: A theory that can explain everything and be falsified by nothing, is not a scientific theory..It is mere conjecture from the imagination of men!
The Theory of (Supernatural) Intelligent Design fits this description. Irony meter pegs.

Frank J · 2 November 2007

Although Bornagain77 did not answer my question directly, I saw that the answer appered elsewhere, so that's better than nothing:

I DO believe the fossil and geological records present us with an incontrovertible picture of progressive phenotype evolution that occured over a period of billions of years. I don’t disbelieve common ancestry and phenotype evolution by descent with modification - I question the assertion that random mutation is the ultimate source of modification which drove phylogenetic diversification.

So if ID is truly scientific, Bornagain77 must at least as seriously question the far more radical claims of classic creationists, both the OEC variety that denies common descent, and the YEC variety that denies that and practically everything else in mainstream science. In that case we should expect YEC and OEC blogs to be full of Bornagain77's criticisms.

Stanton · 2 November 2007

Frank J: Although Bornagain77 did not answer my question directly, I saw that the answer appered elsewhere, so that's better than nothing:

I DO believe the fossil and geological records present us with an incontrovertible picture of progressive phenotype evolution that occured over a period of billions of years. I don’t disbelieve common ancestry and phenotype evolution by descent with modification - I question the assertion that random mutation is the ultimate source of modification which drove phylogenetic diversification.

So if ID is truly scientific, Bornagain77 must at least as seriously question the far more radical claims of classic creationists, both the OEC variety that denies common descent, and the YEC variety that denies that and practically everything else in mainstream science. In that case we should expect YEC and OEC blogs to be full of Bornagain77's criticisms.
So, how does "genetic meltdown" and "genetic entropy" explain why we see trends like in brontotheres, where we see small, dog-sized species becoming larger and transitioning into elephant-sized species?

Nigel D · 3 November 2007

So, how does “genetic meltdown” and “genetic entropy” explain why we see trends like in brontotheres, where we see small, dog-sized species becoming larger and transitioning into elephant-sized species?

— Stanton
Simple: they don't. You may notice from my comments on BA77's witless blather that I am convinced that "genetic entropy" and "genetic decay" are a smoke screen. What they are screening is most likely an argument from personal incredulity, which would explain why BA77 throws his toys out of the pram when we don't accept his arguments.

Nigel D · 3 November 2007

Dang you guys,,,it keeps getting more painful for evolution,,,Function for Psuedogenes?

— Bornagain77
This has been addressed before. THe thing that you really seem unable to grasp is that evolution will take anything that can provide an organism with an advantage to survival or reproduction. This is a very adaptationist view, and overlooks the role that genetic drift has to play, but it is still an important concept.

James D. Watson, writing on the 50th anniversary of his (and Francis Crick’s) discovery of the helical structure of the DNA molecule, commented as follows: ‘The most humbling aspect of the Human Genome Project so far has been the realization that we know remarkably little about what the vast majority of human genes do.’13

Yes, this is true. You seem not to have understood that, while it is easy enough to look at a genome sequence and identify the genes (more specifically, Open Reading Frames or ORFs, which are those sequences that possess both a "start" codon and a "stop" codon within the same reading frame and have a sensible number of bases between the two), it is another thing entirely to then connect those genes with specific fene product functions. The genome should be making far more proteins than have been identified and characterised thus far. But it is this latter aspect that is both more challenging and more exciting.

Now if the foregoing is true of genes, how much more so of pseudogenes!

Erm . . . do you know what a pseudogene is, at all?

At very least, pseudogenes have not been fairly and objectively analyzed: ‘An extensive and fast-increasing literature does not justify a sharp division between genes and pseudogenes that would place pseudogenes in the class of genomic “junk” DNA that lacks function and is not subject to natural selection.’14

First, for the benefit of other readers, I will make it clear that the words you quote in this paragraph are taken, not from Woodmarappe's actual text (to which you linked), but from a quote in Woodmarappe's text of another article published elsewhere. So, did you follow Woodmarappe's reference and actually look at the primary source, or did you accept his quote-mining? Because I am fairly sure, based on past experience, that he would have deliberately missed the main points rasied by the article he cites. While I do not currently have access to a decent library (and therefore cannot chase down that reference even if I could justify wasting my employer's time in this way), I expect that what the article cited discusses is something that scientists do all the time: re-examining long-held assumptions, comparing them to new evidence and questioning the assumptions.

Maybe you should title this blog the continued confusion of evolutionary theory!

Or maybe you should actually, y'know, go and learn some biology. Learn enough that you can go to the primary literature and see for yourself what the latest research and thinking actually is, and what it actually means. Maybe you could make a real attempt to understand the issues, instead of simply pretending that you do. I certainly wouldn't trust Woodmarappe to give a true interpretation of any primary literature - he is too obviously working to his own agenda, seeking support for his preconceived notions without making any genuine attempt to understand.

Richard Simons · 3 November 2007

Thus He has years of extensive work with plant genetics, and thus, if he says no new information is being created in plants through polyploid mutation, I believe him.
BA77: It is interesting that you capitalized 'He' (Sanford, who you always describe as the inventor of the 'Gene Gun', holder of xx patents, etc). That possibly explains why you believe him in the face of the evidence. BTW, I am sure the commentators here have many years of extensive experience in genetics (not just plant genetics). As you revere authority, you might want to consider that the totality of the contributors here is far more authoritative than a lone geneticist whose ideas are ridiculed by his colleagues.

Ichthyic · 3 November 2007

Polyploidy just doubles the number of chromosomes.

wrong again. what the fuck do you think happens after you successfully get recombination within the doubled, or quadrupled, or more, chromosomes?

have you ever even bothered to read a paper on polyploidy? new plant species being produced all the time by it.

seriously, it's something you can easily google up.

but then, you're an idiot, so I don't expect you to even be able to accomplish that.

fuck, I swear this place is becoming WAY to tolerant of even the most ridiculous repeated arguments.

it would be so much more productive to substitute these idiotic posts with simply the numbered reference to the ICC and a link to talkorigins.

complete waste of time to even bother.

Stanton · 3 November 2007

Since all incrases in information require intelligent design. There must have been information from some intelligence that lead to humans. Where and when are religious questions that science can’t answer.
Says the guy who says that Plasmodium falciparum was designed to cause a painful death in children in Africa because God hates masturbation in Christians who live primarily in Europe and the United States.

Pole Greaser · 4 November 2007

Ichthyic: Polyploidy just doubles the number of chromosomes. wrong again. what the fuck do you think happens after you successfully get recombination within the doubled, or quadrupled, or more, chromosomes?
Mea culpa, I admit polyploidy can multiply the number of chromosomes by numbers other than two
have you ever even bothered to read a paper on polyploidy? new plant species being produced all the time by it.
A new plant species has the same amount of information or less than the species from which it descended. The Bahrmin is still the same. It's not you've turned a rutabaga into a kangaroo or something like that.
seriously, it's something you can easily google up. but then, you're an idiot, so I don't expect you to even be able to accomplish that. fuck, I swear this place is becoming WAY to tolerant of even the most ridiculous repeated arguments. it would be so much more productive to substitute these idiotic posts with simply the numbered reference to the ICC and a link to talkorigins. complete waste of time to even bother.
Why all the obscenity? Don't you know Jesus loves you?

Marek 14 · 4 November 2007

Stanton:
Since all incrases in information require intelligent design. There must have been information from some intelligence that lead to humans. Where and when are religious questions that science can’t answer.
Says the guy who says that Plasmodium falciparum was designed to cause a painful death in children in Africa because God hates masturbation in Christians who live primarily in Europe and the United States.
I don't see any contradiction there... that answer certainly wasn't science. Seriously, I seen Pole Greaser's previous posts. He is a parody. He shows us a HONEST creationist, who says what he believes regardless of how it makes him look. While his opinions (or "opinions") may be repulsive. To all people who are offended by his posts: Are you really saying you prefer them when they are dishonest?

Stanton · 4 November 2007

Polegreaser lies: A new plant species has the same amount of information or less than the species from which it descended. The Bahrmin is still the same. It’s not you’ve turned a rutabaga into a kangaroo or something like that.
When a new plant species arises from polyploidy, it no longer has the same amount of "information." If you had actually bothered to read our posts rather than wallow in your stupidity, you would notice that I already gave an example of speciation through poylploidy. No one but a bigoted moron like yourself would expect a kangaroo to emerge from a rutabaga seed. But that, and mentioning of the useless "Baramin" concept is to be expected of a moronic idiot imitating a brainless bigot.
Polegreaser lies: Why all the obscenity? Don’t you know Jesus loves you?
From your behavior, absolutely not. Your sole purpose is to antagonize, not to discuss anything, at all. Why would Jesus love us if He created a horrible disease to kill children in the tropics in a horrible manner in order to punish Christians who allegedly masturbate in temperate climates?
To all people who are offended by his posts: Are you really saying you prefer them when they are dishonest?
Marek 14, we would much prefer if these morons were not deliberately antagonistic. However, when dealing with fanatical idiots, this is just an idle pipe dream.

Nigel D · 5 November 2007

No, I do not agree with Behe on this one. As a member of the Whore of Babylon Behe actually believes in the religion of evolutionism, but I digress, I thought this board was meant to discuss science and not religion.

— Pole Greaser
You get several things wrong here, Pole Greaser: (1) Whatever your personal opinion of the Vatican, you have no basis for being so offensive about it. (2) Behe is a Christian. And an IDiot, but if you wish to talk about religion, he is a Christian. (3) You are the one who brought up the topic of religion here, not anyone else. (4) You describe "evolutionism" as a religion, but this is a lie. When confronted with an actual question about the supposed science of ID, you are unable to answer, but instead make a rather feeble attempt to evade it:

Since all incrases in information require intelligent design.

— Pole Greaser
What is the basis for this claim? Come on, support it with real evidence. By the way, how do you define "information", and how would you go about measuring it?

There must have been information from some intelligence that lead to humans.

You have not even tried to demonstrate this. It is an unfounded assertion.

Where and when are religious questions that science can’t answer.

Thus illustrating the scientific uselessness of ID. Science does not shy away from questions. If you knew anything about science you would know this. Science is all about asking questions and seeking answers. Answers that can be confirmed by comparison to reality.

Since they require intelligent design, they are ipso factor non-evolutionary

Not only does this fail to answer the question, it actually contains no information at all. You have not shown that anything "requires intelligent design". Quite the opposite, in fact: you have wriggled around to avoid participating in a scientific discourse. How do you define "intelligent"? How do you define "design"? Since "intelligent design" is so important to you, I am sure you have thought about what it might mean in a purely scientific context.

Nigel D · 5 November 2007

Mea culpa, I admit polyploidy can multiply the number of chromosomes by numbers other than two

— Pole Greaser
But you deliberately avoid Ichthyic's main point. I'll make it even simpler for you: What about recombination?

A new plant species has the same amount of information or less than the species from which it descended.

This is utter nonsense. You plainly have no idea what you are talking about. The information content of a biological species depends on 2 things: (1) How you define the term "information". (2) The genetic diversity within the species. Since genetic diversity will almost always increase with time (if nothing else, due to the accumulation of neutral mutations), there is nothing to prevent information content increasing.

The Bahrmin is still the same.

Which means nothing.

It’s not you’ve turned a rutabaga into a kangaroo or something like that.

Actually, yes it is. A new speciation event is exactly the same as a kangaroo or a rutabaga evolving from its ancestral species, but on a smaller scale. Incidentally, you are repeating another creationist lie here. One modern species cannot turn into another modern species from a vastly different taxon, because they are both equally derived. The selection pressure simply does not exist to drive such a change. The intermediate forms have been out-competed and are thus extinct. Evolution works by the accumulation of derived characteristics. If you do not know what this means, I suggest you go and learn some actual biology, and learn about the scientific theory that you so harshly, and ignorantly, criticise.

PvM · 5 November 2007

Cleanup cycle finished.